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Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common bloodborne chronic infection in the US. Following approval of highly effective, direct-acting antivirals in 2014, the diagnostic and treatment rates for HCV infection in the US have evolved. This study assessed the number of individuals with H...

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Autores principales: Reau, Nancy, Sulkowski, Mark S., Thomas, Emmanuel, Sundaram, Vinay, Xu, Qingqing, Cheng, Wei-Han, Marx, Steven E., Hayes, Oscar A., Manthena, Shivaji R., Chirikov, Viktor, Dylla, Douglas E., Brooks, Hannah, Carabino, Jana M., Saab, Sammy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Healthcare 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8548268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34704194
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12325-021-01928-y
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author Reau, Nancy
Sulkowski, Mark S.
Thomas, Emmanuel
Sundaram, Vinay
Xu, Qingqing
Cheng, Wei-Han
Marx, Steven E.
Hayes, Oscar A.
Manthena, Shivaji R.
Chirikov, Viktor
Dylla, Douglas E.
Brooks, Hannah
Carabino, Jana M.
Saab, Sammy
author_facet Reau, Nancy
Sulkowski, Mark S.
Thomas, Emmanuel
Sundaram, Vinay
Xu, Qingqing
Cheng, Wei-Han
Marx, Steven E.
Hayes, Oscar A.
Manthena, Shivaji R.
Chirikov, Viktor
Dylla, Douglas E.
Brooks, Hannah
Carabino, Jana M.
Saab, Sammy
author_sort Reau, Nancy
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common bloodborne chronic infection in the US. Following approval of highly effective, direct-acting antivirals in 2014, the diagnostic and treatment rates for HCV infection in the US have evolved. This study assessed the number of individuals with HCV screening or diagnostic testing and the clinical characteristics and treatment of HCV-infected individuals between 2017 and 2019. METHODS: Individuals screened for HCV antibody and/or tested for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) from 2017 to 2019 by two large US laboratory companies were included in this analysis. Clinical characteristics, such as HCV genotype, fibrosis stage, HIV coinfection and demographics, were assessed in HCV RNA-positive individuals. HCV treatment and subsequent achievement of sustained virologic response were imputed using data-driven algorithms based on successive viral load decline and negativity. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2019, the number of individuals tested for HCV antibody increased by 5.7%, from 7,580,303 in 2017 to 8,009,081 in 2019. The percentage of individuals tested who were HCV antibody positive was stable, ranging from 5.0% in 2017 to 4.9% in 2018 and 2019. The number of HCV RNA-positive individuals decreased by 5.0% from 382,500 in 2017 to 363,532 in 2019. Of HCV RNA-positive individuals, the proportions with genotype (GT) 3 and minimal fibrosis increased over time; proportions of individuals aged < 40 years increased, while the proportion aged 50 to 59 years decreased. Treatment rates increased from 23.4% in 2017 to 26.8% in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of HCV antibody-positive individuals remained stable from 2017 to 2019. The number of individuals tested HCV RNA positive decreased over the years. Demographics shifted toward a younger population with less fibrosis and higher rates of GT3. More than 70% of diagnosed individuals were not treated during this interval, highlighting a need for unfettered access to treatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-021-01928-y.
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spelling pubmed-85482682021-10-27 Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019 Reau, Nancy Sulkowski, Mark S. Thomas, Emmanuel Sundaram, Vinay Xu, Qingqing Cheng, Wei-Han Marx, Steven E. Hayes, Oscar A. Manthena, Shivaji R. Chirikov, Viktor Dylla, Douglas E. Brooks, Hannah Carabino, Jana M. Saab, Sammy Adv Ther Original Research INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common bloodborne chronic infection in the US. Following approval of highly effective, direct-acting antivirals in 2014, the diagnostic and treatment rates for HCV infection in the US have evolved. This study assessed the number of individuals with HCV screening or diagnostic testing and the clinical characteristics and treatment of HCV-infected individuals between 2017 and 2019. METHODS: Individuals screened for HCV antibody and/or tested for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) from 2017 to 2019 by two large US laboratory companies were included in this analysis. Clinical characteristics, such as HCV genotype, fibrosis stage, HIV coinfection and demographics, were assessed in HCV RNA-positive individuals. HCV treatment and subsequent achievement of sustained virologic response were imputed using data-driven algorithms based on successive viral load decline and negativity. RESULTS: From 2017 to 2019, the number of individuals tested for HCV antibody increased by 5.7%, from 7,580,303 in 2017 to 8,009,081 in 2019. The percentage of individuals tested who were HCV antibody positive was stable, ranging from 5.0% in 2017 to 4.9% in 2018 and 2019. The number of HCV RNA-positive individuals decreased by 5.0% from 382,500 in 2017 to 363,532 in 2019. Of HCV RNA-positive individuals, the proportions with genotype (GT) 3 and minimal fibrosis increased over time; proportions of individuals aged < 40 years increased, while the proportion aged 50 to 59 years decreased. Treatment rates increased from 23.4% in 2017 to 26.8% in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of HCV antibody-positive individuals remained stable from 2017 to 2019. The number of individuals tested HCV RNA positive decreased over the years. Demographics shifted toward a younger population with less fibrosis and higher rates of GT3. More than 70% of diagnosed individuals were not treated during this interval, highlighting a need for unfettered access to treatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-021-01928-y. Springer Healthcare 2021-10-27 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8548268/ /pubmed/34704194 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12325-021-01928-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Research
Reau, Nancy
Sulkowski, Mark S.
Thomas, Emmanuel
Sundaram, Vinay
Xu, Qingqing
Cheng, Wei-Han
Marx, Steven E.
Hayes, Oscar A.
Manthena, Shivaji R.
Chirikov, Viktor
Dylla, Douglas E.
Brooks, Hannah
Carabino, Jana M.
Saab, Sammy
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title_full Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title_fullStr Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title_short Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States, 2017–2019
title_sort epidemiology and clinical characteristics of individuals with hepatitis c virus infection in the united states, 2017–2019
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8548268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34704194
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12325-021-01928-y
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