A New Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes of Operated Proximal Metadiaphyseal Humeral Fractures and Nonunions With the Use of Reversed Anatomic Distal Femoral Locking Plate

Introduction Proximal humeral fractures complicated with metaphyseal and diaphyseal extension are usually treated operatively with 3.5 mm long anatomic proximal humerus plates. However, frequently these comminuted and segmental fracture types may be associated with delayed union, nonunion, and/or plate failure. We present a technique for addressing this fracture pattern by using an anatomic contralateral 4.5 mm distal femoral plate in a reversed fashion. Methods Eleven patients (eight women and three men) with a mean age of 70 years (range, 52 to 84 years) were operated on with the described technique. The dominant hand was involved in seven out of 11 patients. There were seven acute metadiaphyseal fractures and four nonunions. In one patient, humeral shaft nonunion was associated with segmental metadiaphyseal defect and a free fibular graft was applied. Results All fractures healed and patients regained almost normal function of the affected shoulder and upper limb. Shoulder abduction and forward elevation ranged from 80 to 110 degrees (mean, 97 degrees) and 90 to 120 degrees (mean, 102 degrees), respectively. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score varied from 6 to 11 points (median 8). No major trauma or systemic complications were recorded. Conclusion The morphology, strength, and characteristics of the plate could effectively conform to the anatomy of the proximal humerus and offer adequate stability for fracture union. The described technique is more useful in case of osteoporosis and/or presence of previous failed internal fixation that further compromise the vascularization and the mechanical properties of the bone.