Adlercreutzia rubneri sp. nov., a resveratrol-metabolizing bacterium isolated from human faeces and emended description of the genus Adlercreutzia

The novel, anaerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strain, ResAG-91(T), was isolated from a faecal sample of a male human volunteer. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain ResAG-91(T) showed high similarity to the type strains of Adlercreutzia equolifaciens subsp. equolifaciens and Adlercreutzia equolifaciens subsp. celatus . Analysis of the whole draft genome sequences, i.e. digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI), of strain ResAG-91(T) and the type strains of Adlercreutzia species revealed that strain ResAG-91(T) represents a novel species of the genus Adlercreutzia . The genome size of strain ResAG-91(T) is 2.8 Mbp and the G+C content is 63.3 mol%. The major respiratory quinone of strain ResAG-91(T) was MMK-5 (methylmenaquinone). Major cellular fatty acids were C15 : 0 anteiso, C14 : 0 iso and C14 : 0 2-OH. Galactose and ribose were detected as major whole cell sugars. Furthermore, the peptidoglycan type of strain ResAG-91(T) was A1γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified lipid, three unidentified phospholipids and five unidentified glycolipids. Strain ResAG-91(T) was able to metabolize the stilbene resveratrol into dihydroresveratrol. On the basis of this polyphasic approach, including phenotypical, molecular (16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing) and biochemical (fatty acids, quinones, polar lipids, peptidoglycan, whole cell sugars, Rapid ID32A and API20A) analyses, we propose the novel species Adlercreutzia rubneri sp. nov. with the type and only strain ResAG-91(T) (=DSM 111416(T)=JCM 34176(T)=LMG 31897(T)).