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Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid

Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) is an emerging lysophospholipid (LPL) mediator, which acts through G protein-coupled receptors, like lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). LysoPS is detected in various tissues and cells and thought to be produced mainly by the deacylation of...

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Autores principales: Omi, Jumpei, Kano, Kuniyuki, Aoki, Junken
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34129148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12013-021-00988-9
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author Omi, Jumpei
Kano, Kuniyuki
Aoki, Junken
author_facet Omi, Jumpei
Kano, Kuniyuki
Aoki, Junken
author_sort Omi, Jumpei
collection PubMed
description Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) is an emerging lysophospholipid (LPL) mediator, which acts through G protein-coupled receptors, like lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). LysoPS is detected in various tissues and cells and thought to be produced mainly by the deacylation of phosphatidylserine. LysoPS has been known to stimulate degranulation of mast cells. Recently, four LysoPS-specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were identified. These GPCRs belong to the P2Y family which covers receptors for nucleotides and LPLs and are predominantly expressed in immune cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages. Studies on knockout mice of these GPCRs have revealed that LysoPS has immune-modulatory functions. Up-regulation of a LysoPS-producing enzyme, PS-specific phospholipase A(1), was frequently observed in situations where the immune system is activated including autoimmune diseases and organ transplantations. Therefore, modulation of LysoPS signaling appears to be a promising method for providing therapies for the treatment of immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the biology of LysoPS-producing enzymes and receptors, recent developments in LysoPS signal modulators, and prospects for future therapeutic applications.
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spelling pubmed-85511022021-10-29 Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid Omi, Jumpei Kano, Kuniyuki Aoki, Junken Cell Biochem Biophys Review Paper Lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS) is an emerging lysophospholipid (LPL) mediator, which acts through G protein-coupled receptors, like lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). LysoPS is detected in various tissues and cells and thought to be produced mainly by the deacylation of phosphatidylserine. LysoPS has been known to stimulate degranulation of mast cells. Recently, four LysoPS-specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were identified. These GPCRs belong to the P2Y family which covers receptors for nucleotides and LPLs and are predominantly expressed in immune cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages. Studies on knockout mice of these GPCRs have revealed that LysoPS has immune-modulatory functions. Up-regulation of a LysoPS-producing enzyme, PS-specific phospholipase A(1), was frequently observed in situations where the immune system is activated including autoimmune diseases and organ transplantations. Therefore, modulation of LysoPS signaling appears to be a promising method for providing therapies for the treatment of immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the biology of LysoPS-producing enzymes and receptors, recent developments in LysoPS signal modulators, and prospects for future therapeutic applications. Springer US 2021-06-15 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8551102/ /pubmed/34129148 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12013-021-00988-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Paper
Omi, Jumpei
Kano, Kuniyuki
Aoki, Junken
Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title_full Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title_fullStr Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title_full_unstemmed Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title_short Current Knowledge on the Biology of Lysophosphatidylserine as an Emerging Bioactive Lipid
title_sort current knowledge on the biology of lysophosphatidylserine as an emerging bioactive lipid
topic Review Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34129148
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12013-021-00988-9
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