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Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient

Pathogenic gain-of-function variants in complement Factor B were identified as causative of atypical Hemolytic Uremic syndrome (aHUS) in 2007. These mutations generate a reduction on the plasma levels of complement C3. A four-month-old boy was diagnosed with hypocomplementemic aHUS in May 2000, and...

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Autores principales: López-Trascasa, Margarita, Alonso-Melgar, Ángel, Melgosa-Hijosa, Marta, Espinosa-Román, Laura, Lledín-Barbancho, María Dolores, García-Fernández, Eugenia, Rodríguez de Córdoba, Santiago, Sánchez-Corral, Pilar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34721423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.751093
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author López-Trascasa, Margarita
Alonso-Melgar, Ángel
Melgosa-Hijosa, Marta
Espinosa-Román, Laura
Lledín-Barbancho, María Dolores
García-Fernández, Eugenia
Rodríguez de Córdoba, Santiago
Sánchez-Corral, Pilar
author_facet López-Trascasa, Margarita
Alonso-Melgar, Ángel
Melgosa-Hijosa, Marta
Espinosa-Román, Laura
Lledín-Barbancho, María Dolores
García-Fernández, Eugenia
Rodríguez de Córdoba, Santiago
Sánchez-Corral, Pilar
author_sort López-Trascasa, Margarita
collection PubMed
description Pathogenic gain-of-function variants in complement Factor B were identified as causative of atypical Hemolytic Uremic syndrome (aHUS) in 2007. These mutations generate a reduction on the plasma levels of complement C3. A four-month-old boy was diagnosed with hypocomplementemic aHUS in May 2000, and he suffered seven recurrences during the following three years. He developed a severe hypertension which required 6 anti-hypertensive drugs and presented acrocyanosis and several confusional episodes. Plasma infusion or exchange, and immunosuppressive treatments did not improve the clinical evolution, and the patient developed end-stage renal disease at the age of 3 years. Hypertension and vascular symptoms persisted while he was on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, as well as after bilateral nephrectomy. C3 levels remained low, while C4 levels were normal. In 2005, a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation in Factor B (K323E) was found. A combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) was performed in March 2009, since there was not any therapy for complement inhibition in these patients. Kidney and liver functions normalized in the first two weeks, and the C3/C4 ratio immediately after transplantation, indicating that the C3 activation has been corrected. After remaining stable for 4 years, the patient suffered a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that was cured by chemotherapy and reduction of immunosuppressive drugs. Signs of liver rejection with cholangitis were observed a few months later, and a second liver graft was done 11 years after the CLKT. One year later, the patient maintains normal kidney and liver functions, also C3 and C4 levels are within the normal range. The 12-year follow-up of the patient reveals that, in spite of severe complications, CLKT was an acceptable therapeutic option for this aHUS patient.
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spelling pubmed-85513652021-10-29 Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient López-Trascasa, Margarita Alonso-Melgar, Ángel Melgosa-Hijosa, Marta Espinosa-Román, Laura Lledín-Barbancho, María Dolores García-Fernández, Eugenia Rodríguez de Córdoba, Santiago Sánchez-Corral, Pilar Front Immunol Immunology Pathogenic gain-of-function variants in complement Factor B were identified as causative of atypical Hemolytic Uremic syndrome (aHUS) in 2007. These mutations generate a reduction on the plasma levels of complement C3. A four-month-old boy was diagnosed with hypocomplementemic aHUS in May 2000, and he suffered seven recurrences during the following three years. He developed a severe hypertension which required 6 anti-hypertensive drugs and presented acrocyanosis and several confusional episodes. Plasma infusion or exchange, and immunosuppressive treatments did not improve the clinical evolution, and the patient developed end-stage renal disease at the age of 3 years. Hypertension and vascular symptoms persisted while he was on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, as well as after bilateral nephrectomy. C3 levels remained low, while C4 levels were normal. In 2005, a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation in Factor B (K323E) was found. A combined liver and kidney transplantation (CLKT) was performed in March 2009, since there was not any therapy for complement inhibition in these patients. Kidney and liver functions normalized in the first two weeks, and the C3/C4 ratio immediately after transplantation, indicating that the C3 activation has been corrected. After remaining stable for 4 years, the patient suffered a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that was cured by chemotherapy and reduction of immunosuppressive drugs. Signs of liver rejection with cholangitis were observed a few months later, and a second liver graft was done 11 years after the CLKT. One year later, the patient maintains normal kidney and liver functions, also C3 and C4 levels are within the normal range. The 12-year follow-up of the patient reveals that, in spite of severe complications, CLKT was an acceptable therapeutic option for this aHUS patient. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8551365/ /pubmed/34721423 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.751093 Text en Copyright © 2021 López-Trascasa, Alonso-Melgar, Melgosa-Hijosa, Espinosa-Román, Lledín-Barbancho, García-Fernández, Rodríguez de Córdoba and Sánchez-Corral https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
López-Trascasa, Margarita
Alonso-Melgar, Ángel
Melgosa-Hijosa, Marta
Espinosa-Román, Laura
Lledín-Barbancho, María Dolores
García-Fernández, Eugenia
Rodríguez de Córdoba, Santiago
Sánchez-Corral, Pilar
Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title_full Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title_fullStr Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title_short Case Report: Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation to Correct a Mutation in Complement Factor B in an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Patient
title_sort case report: combined liver-kidney transplantation to correct a mutation in complement factor b in an atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome patient
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551365/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34721423
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.751093
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