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Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends
Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the diversity of chemicals present in vaping liquids. To address this gap, a non-targeted analysis of 825 vaping liquids collected between 2017 and 2019 from Canadian retailers was conducted. Prior to mass spectrometry analysis, samples were dilute...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551961/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34722460 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.756716 |
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author | Kosarac, Ivana Kubwabo, Cariton Fan, Xinghua Siddique, Shabana Petraccone, Dora He, Wei Man, Jun Gagne, Matthew Thickett, Kelly R. Mischki, Trevor K. |
author_facet | Kosarac, Ivana Kubwabo, Cariton Fan, Xinghua Siddique, Shabana Petraccone, Dora He, Wei Man, Jun Gagne, Matthew Thickett, Kelly R. Mischki, Trevor K. |
author_sort | Kosarac, Ivana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the diversity of chemicals present in vaping liquids. To address this gap, a non-targeted analysis of 825 vaping liquids collected between 2017 and 2019 from Canadian retailers was conducted. Prior to mass spectrometry analysis, samples were diluted 1:500 v/v with methanol or acetonitrile. Chemical compound separation and analysis was carried out using gas chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) systems operated in the full scan mode and mass range of 35–450 m/z. Mass spectrum for each sample was obtained in electron ionization at 70 eV and processed. Non-targeted identification workflow included use of automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS), where required, as well as a number of commercially available spectral libraries. In order to validate identities, an in-house database of expected compounds previously detected in vaping liquids was used along with genuine analytical standards for compounds of interest. This resulted in a dataset of over 1,500 unique detected chemicals. Approximately half of these chemical compounds were detected only once in a single product and not in multiple products analyzed. For any sample analyzed, on average, 40% of the chemical constituents appeared to have flavouring properties. The remainder were nicotine and related alkaloids, processing, degradation or indirect additives, natural extractives and compounds with unknown roles. Data published here from the project on the Open Characterization of vaping liquids is unique as it offers a detailed understanding of products’ flavour chemical profiles, the presence and frequency of chemicals of potential health concern, as well as trends and changes in products’ chemical complexity over a three-year period. Non-targeted chemical surveillance such as this present valuable tools to public health officials and researchers in responding to emergent issues such as vaping associated lung injury or informing chemical based strategies which may be aimed at addressing product safety or appeal. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8551961 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85519612021-10-29 Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends Kosarac, Ivana Kubwabo, Cariton Fan, Xinghua Siddique, Shabana Petraccone, Dora He, Wei Man, Jun Gagne, Matthew Thickett, Kelly R. Mischki, Trevor K. Front Chem Chemistry Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the diversity of chemicals present in vaping liquids. To address this gap, a non-targeted analysis of 825 vaping liquids collected between 2017 and 2019 from Canadian retailers was conducted. Prior to mass spectrometry analysis, samples were diluted 1:500 v/v with methanol or acetonitrile. Chemical compound separation and analysis was carried out using gas chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) systems operated in the full scan mode and mass range of 35–450 m/z. Mass spectrum for each sample was obtained in electron ionization at 70 eV and processed. Non-targeted identification workflow included use of automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS), where required, as well as a number of commercially available spectral libraries. In order to validate identities, an in-house database of expected compounds previously detected in vaping liquids was used along with genuine analytical standards for compounds of interest. This resulted in a dataset of over 1,500 unique detected chemicals. Approximately half of these chemical compounds were detected only once in a single product and not in multiple products analyzed. For any sample analyzed, on average, 40% of the chemical constituents appeared to have flavouring properties. The remainder were nicotine and related alkaloids, processing, degradation or indirect additives, natural extractives and compounds with unknown roles. Data published here from the project on the Open Characterization of vaping liquids is unique as it offers a detailed understanding of products’ flavour chemical profiles, the presence and frequency of chemicals of potential health concern, as well as trends and changes in products’ chemical complexity over a three-year period. Non-targeted chemical surveillance such as this present valuable tools to public health officials and researchers in responding to emergent issues such as vaping associated lung injury or informing chemical based strategies which may be aimed at addressing product safety or appeal. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8551961/ /pubmed/34722460 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.756716 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kosarac, Kubwabo, Fan, Siddique, Petraccone, He, Man, Gagne, Thickett and Mischki. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Kosarac, Ivana Kubwabo, Cariton Fan, Xinghua Siddique, Shabana Petraccone, Dora He, Wei Man, Jun Gagne, Matthew Thickett, Kelly R. Mischki, Trevor K. Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title | Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title_full | Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title_fullStr | Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title_full_unstemmed | Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title_short | Open Characterization of Vaping Liquids in Canada: Chemical Profiles and Trends |
title_sort | open characterization of vaping liquids in canada: chemical profiles and trends |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8551961/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34722460 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.756716 |
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