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Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Bone metastasis, which usually accompanies severe skeletal-related events, is the most common site for tumor distant dissemination and detected in more than one-third of patients with advanced lung cancer. Biopsy and imaging play cr...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8552022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34722241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.692788 |
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author | Chai, Xupeng Yinwang, Eloy Wang, Zenan Wang, Zhan Xue, Yucheng Li, Binghao Zhou, Hao Zhang, Wenkan Wang, Shengdong Zhang, Yongxing Li, Hengyuan Mou, Haochen Sun, Lingling Qu, Hao Wang, Fangqian Zhang, Zengjie Chen, Tao Ye, Zhaoming |
author_facet | Chai, Xupeng Yinwang, Eloy Wang, Zenan Wang, Zhan Xue, Yucheng Li, Binghao Zhou, Hao Zhang, Wenkan Wang, Shengdong Zhang, Yongxing Li, Hengyuan Mou, Haochen Sun, Lingling Qu, Hao Wang, Fangqian Zhang, Zengjie Chen, Tao Ye, Zhaoming |
author_sort | Chai, Xupeng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Bone metastasis, which usually accompanies severe skeletal-related events, is the most common site for tumor distant dissemination and detected in more than one-third of patients with advanced lung cancer. Biopsy and imaging play critical roles in the diagnosis of bone metastasis; however, these approaches are characterized by evident limitations. Recently, studies regarding potential biomarkers in the serum, urine, and tumor tissue, were performed to predict the bone metastases and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In this review, we summarize the findings of recent clinical research studies on biomarkers detected in samples obtained from patients with lung cancer bone metastasis. These markers include the following: (1) bone resorption-associated markers, such as N-terminal telopeptide (NTx)/C-terminal telopeptide (CTx), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx-I), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP-5b), pyridinoline (PYD), and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP); (2) bone formation-associated markers, including total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP)/bone specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OS), amino-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen/carboxy-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP/PINP); (3) signaling markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor/Kirsten rat sarcoma/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EGFR/KRAS/ALK), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/RANK/OPG), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4), complement component 5a receptor (C5AR); and (4) other potential markers, such as calcium sensing receptor (CASR), bone sialoprotein (BSP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), cytokeratin 19 fragment/carcinoembryonic antigen (CYFRA/CEA), tissue factor, cell-free DNA, long non-coding RNA, and microRNA. The prognostic value of these markers is also investigated. Furthermore, we listed some clinical trials targeting hotspot biomarkers in advanced lung cancer referring for their therapeutic effects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8552022 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85520222021-10-29 Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value Chai, Xupeng Yinwang, Eloy Wang, Zenan Wang, Zhan Xue, Yucheng Li, Binghao Zhou, Hao Zhang, Wenkan Wang, Shengdong Zhang, Yongxing Li, Hengyuan Mou, Haochen Sun, Lingling Qu, Hao Wang, Fangqian Zhang, Zengjie Chen, Tao Ye, Zhaoming Front Oncol Oncology Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Bone metastasis, which usually accompanies severe skeletal-related events, is the most common site for tumor distant dissemination and detected in more than one-third of patients with advanced lung cancer. Biopsy and imaging play critical roles in the diagnosis of bone metastasis; however, these approaches are characterized by evident limitations. Recently, studies regarding potential biomarkers in the serum, urine, and tumor tissue, were performed to predict the bone metastases and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In this review, we summarize the findings of recent clinical research studies on biomarkers detected in samples obtained from patients with lung cancer bone metastasis. These markers include the following: (1) bone resorption-associated markers, such as N-terminal telopeptide (NTx)/C-terminal telopeptide (CTx), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx-I), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP-5b), pyridinoline (PYD), and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP); (2) bone formation-associated markers, including total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP)/bone specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OS), amino-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen/carboxy-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP/PINP); (3) signaling markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor/Kirsten rat sarcoma/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EGFR/KRAS/ALK), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/RANK/OPG), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4), complement component 5a receptor (C5AR); and (4) other potential markers, such as calcium sensing receptor (CASR), bone sialoprotein (BSP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), cytokeratin 19 fragment/carcinoembryonic antigen (CYFRA/CEA), tissue factor, cell-free DNA, long non-coding RNA, and microRNA. The prognostic value of these markers is also investigated. Furthermore, we listed some clinical trials targeting hotspot biomarkers in advanced lung cancer referring for their therapeutic effects. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8552022/ /pubmed/34722241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.692788 Text en Copyright © 2021 Chai, Yinwang, Wang, Wang, Xue, Li, Zhou, Zhang, Wang, Zhang, Li, Mou, Sun, Qu, Wang, Zhang, Chen and Ye https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Chai, Xupeng Yinwang, Eloy Wang, Zenan Wang, Zhan Xue, Yucheng Li, Binghao Zhou, Hao Zhang, Wenkan Wang, Shengdong Zhang, Yongxing Li, Hengyuan Mou, Haochen Sun, Lingling Qu, Hao Wang, Fangqian Zhang, Zengjie Chen, Tao Ye, Zhaoming Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title | Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title_full | Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title_fullStr | Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title_full_unstemmed | Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title_short | Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value |
title_sort | predictive and prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer bone metastasis and their therapeutic value |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8552022/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34722241 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.692788 |
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