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Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017

BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the effectiveness of o...

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Autores principales: Al-Mawali, Adhra, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Morsi, Magdi, Al-Shekaili, Waleed, Pinto, Avinash Daniel, Al-Kharusi, Hilal, Al-Harrasi, Ayaman, Al-Balushi, Zainab, Idikula, John
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34710161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259239
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author Al-Mawali, Adhra
Jayapal, Sathish Kumar
Morsi, Magdi
Al-Shekaili, Waleed
Pinto, Avinash Daniel
Al-Kharusi, Hilal
Al-Harrasi, Ayaman
Al-Balushi, Zainab
Idikula, John
author_facet Al-Mawali, Adhra
Jayapal, Sathish Kumar
Morsi, Magdi
Al-Shekaili, Waleed
Pinto, Avinash Daniel
Al-Kharusi, Hilal
Al-Harrasi, Ayaman
Al-Balushi, Zainab
Idikula, John
author_sort Al-Mawali, Adhra
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing public health policies and to develop further NCD prevention and control interventions. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based, up-to-date, extensive, and reliable baseline data on the behavioural and biological risk factors of NCDs in the Sultanate of Oman. METHODS: A cross‐sectional, prospective, observational community‐based survey designed to be nationally representative of the Sultanate of Oman was conducted based on the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS). Multi-stage stratified random sampling according to geographical distribution selected a total of 9053 households (Omani nationals and non-Omani residents). Cluster sampling was used to randomly select equal clusters from each governorate. 823 households were randomly selected from the list of all households in all selected clusters from each governorate and one eligible adult selected from each household randomly accounting for 6582 consenting participants. The survey used demographic and behavioural information questionnaires along with physical and biochemical measurements among adults aged 18 years and above. RESULTS: The prevalence of behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use was 9%, alcohol consumption was 2%, insufficient fruit or vegetable intake was 61%, and insufficient physical activity was 39%. The prevalence of biological risk factors such as overweight and obesity was 66%, raised blood pressure was 33%, raised blood glucose was 16%, and raised blood cholesterol was 36%. The prevalence of multiple risk factors was also determined and 95% of the population were found to have more than one risk factor. Three or more risk factors were found among 33% of population aged 18 years and above and 45% of the population aged 45 years and above. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of various NCD risk factors was found which needs to be addressed through health promotion, education, and policy. The findings are important to support the formulation and implementation of NCD-related policies and action plans that improve health status and prevent mortality due to NCDs in Oman.
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spelling pubmed-85530652021-10-29 Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017 Al-Mawali, Adhra Jayapal, Sathish Kumar Morsi, Magdi Al-Shekaili, Waleed Pinto, Avinash Daniel Al-Kharusi, Hilal Al-Harrasi, Ayaman Al-Balushi, Zainab Idikula, John PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) represent a major public health issue and currently cause 185.75 deaths per 100,000 population in Oman. Hence, there is a need for comprehensive, up-to-date and internationally comparable data on NCD risk factors in order to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing public health policies and to develop further NCD prevention and control interventions. The aim of the study was to provide evidence-based, up-to-date, extensive, and reliable baseline data on the behavioural and biological risk factors of NCDs in the Sultanate of Oman. METHODS: A cross‐sectional, prospective, observational community‐based survey designed to be nationally representative of the Sultanate of Oman was conducted based on the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS). Multi-stage stratified random sampling according to geographical distribution selected a total of 9053 households (Omani nationals and non-Omani residents). Cluster sampling was used to randomly select equal clusters from each governorate. 823 households were randomly selected from the list of all households in all selected clusters from each governorate and one eligible adult selected from each household randomly accounting for 6582 consenting participants. The survey used demographic and behavioural information questionnaires along with physical and biochemical measurements among adults aged 18 years and above. RESULTS: The prevalence of behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use was 9%, alcohol consumption was 2%, insufficient fruit or vegetable intake was 61%, and insufficient physical activity was 39%. The prevalence of biological risk factors such as overweight and obesity was 66%, raised blood pressure was 33%, raised blood glucose was 16%, and raised blood cholesterol was 36%. The prevalence of multiple risk factors was also determined and 95% of the population were found to have more than one risk factor. Three or more risk factors were found among 33% of population aged 18 years and above and 45% of the population aged 45 years and above. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of various NCD risk factors was found which needs to be addressed through health promotion, education, and policy. The findings are important to support the formulation and implementation of NCD-related policies and action plans that improve health status and prevent mortality due to NCDs in Oman. Public Library of Science 2021-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8553065/ /pubmed/34710161 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259239 Text en © 2021 Al-Mawali et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Al-Mawali, Adhra
Jayapal, Sathish Kumar
Morsi, Magdi
Al-Shekaili, Waleed
Pinto, Avinash Daniel
Al-Kharusi, Hilal
Al-Harrasi, Ayaman
Al-Balushi, Zainab
Idikula, John
Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title_full Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title_fullStr Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title_short Prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the Sultanate of Oman: STEPS survey 2017
title_sort prevalence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in the sultanate of oman: steps survey 2017
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34710161
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259239
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