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Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria

Polyphosphate [poly(P)] is described as a homopolymer of inorganic phosphates. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NAD kinase) catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD(+) to NADP(+) in the presence of ATP (ATP-NAD kinase). Novel NAD kinase that explicitly phosphorylates NAD(+) to NADP(+) using pol...

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Autor principal: MURATA, Kousaku
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Japan Academy 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34629356
http://dx.doi.org/10.2183/pjab.97.024
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author MURATA, Kousaku
author_facet MURATA, Kousaku
author_sort MURATA, Kousaku
collection PubMed
description Polyphosphate [poly(P)] is described as a homopolymer of inorganic phosphates. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NAD kinase) catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD(+) to NADP(+) in the presence of ATP (ATP-NAD kinase). Novel NAD kinase that explicitly phosphorylates NAD(+) to NADP(+) using poly(P), besides ATP [ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase], was found in bacteria, in particular, Gram-positive bacteria, and the gene encoding ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase was also newly identified in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Both NAD kinases required multi-homopolymeric structures for activity expression. The enzymatic and genetic results, combined with their primary and tertiary structures, have led to the discovery of a long-awaited human mitochondrial NAD kinase. This discovery showed that the NAD kinase is a bacterial type of ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase. These pioneering findings, i.e., ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase, NAD kinase gene, and human mitochondrial NAD kinase, have significantly enhanced research on the biochemistry, molecular biology, and evolutionary biology of NAD kinase, mitochondria, and poly(P), including some biotechnological knowledge applicable to NADP(+) production.
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spelling pubmed-85535192021-11-02 Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria MURATA, Kousaku Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci Review Polyphosphate [poly(P)] is described as a homopolymer of inorganic phosphates. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NAD kinase) catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD(+) to NADP(+) in the presence of ATP (ATP-NAD kinase). Novel NAD kinase that explicitly phosphorylates NAD(+) to NADP(+) using poly(P), besides ATP [ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase], was found in bacteria, in particular, Gram-positive bacteria, and the gene encoding ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase was also newly identified in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Both NAD kinases required multi-homopolymeric structures for activity expression. The enzymatic and genetic results, combined with their primary and tertiary structures, have led to the discovery of a long-awaited human mitochondrial NAD kinase. This discovery showed that the NAD kinase is a bacterial type of ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase. These pioneering findings, i.e., ATP/poly(P)-NAD kinase, NAD kinase gene, and human mitochondrial NAD kinase, have significantly enhanced research on the biochemistry, molecular biology, and evolutionary biology of NAD kinase, mitochondria, and poly(P), including some biotechnological knowledge applicable to NADP(+) production. The Japan Academy 2021-10-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8553519/ /pubmed/34629356 http://dx.doi.org/10.2183/pjab.97.024 Text en © 2021 The Japan Academy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
MURATA, Kousaku
Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title_full Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title_fullStr Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title_full_unstemmed Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title_short Polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) kinase: A novel missing link in human mitochondria
title_sort polyphosphate-dependent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) kinase: a novel missing link in human mitochondria
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34629356
http://dx.doi.org/10.2183/pjab.97.024
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