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3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers
Infrared (IR)-emitting RE doped materials have been extensively used to fabricate active components of integrated optical devices in various fields, such as fiber amplifiers, telecommunications, optoelectronics, and waveguides. Among various RE elements, trivalent erbium ions (Er 3+) are of great in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34711919 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00805-6 |
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author | Gao, Hongwei Li, Huimin Chen, G. F. R. Xing, P. Tan, M. C. Tan, D. T. H. |
author_facet | Gao, Hongwei Li, Huimin Chen, G. F. R. Xing, P. Tan, M. C. Tan, D. T. H. |
author_sort | Gao, Hongwei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Infrared (IR)-emitting RE doped materials have been extensively used to fabricate active components of integrated optical devices in various fields, such as fiber amplifiers, telecommunications, optoelectronics, and waveguides. Among various RE elements, trivalent erbium ions (Er 3+) are of great interest since their emissive behavior span the low loss telecommunication window of 1300–1650 nm. In this paper, we report two types of polymeric waveguide amplifiers. 8 cm long, lithographically patterned spiral waveguides provide 8 dB of gain using a 980 nm pump power of 95 mW. Gain is observed from 1530 to 1590 nm. We further report the first demonstration of polymeric waveguide amplifiers fabricated using 3D printing methods based on two-photon lithography, paving the way for rapid prototyping of active 3D printed devices and active photonic devices which may transcend planar limitations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8553943 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85539432021-11-01 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers Gao, Hongwei Li, Huimin Chen, G. F. R. Xing, P. Tan, M. C. Tan, D. T. H. Sci Rep Article Infrared (IR)-emitting RE doped materials have been extensively used to fabricate active components of integrated optical devices in various fields, such as fiber amplifiers, telecommunications, optoelectronics, and waveguides. Among various RE elements, trivalent erbium ions (Er 3+) are of great interest since their emissive behavior span the low loss telecommunication window of 1300–1650 nm. In this paper, we report two types of polymeric waveguide amplifiers. 8 cm long, lithographically patterned spiral waveguides provide 8 dB of gain using a 980 nm pump power of 95 mW. Gain is observed from 1530 to 1590 nm. We further report the first demonstration of polymeric waveguide amplifiers fabricated using 3D printing methods based on two-photon lithography, paving the way for rapid prototyping of active 3D printed devices and active photonic devices which may transcend planar limitations. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8553943/ /pubmed/34711919 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00805-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Gao, Hongwei Li, Huimin Chen, G. F. R. Xing, P. Tan, M. C. Tan, D. T. H. 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title | 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title_full | 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title_fullStr | 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title_full_unstemmed | 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title_short | 3D printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
title_sort | 3d printed and spiral lithographically patterned erbium-doped polymer micro-waveguide amplifiers |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34711919 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00805-6 |
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