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Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength
Single-joint isometric and isokinetic knee strength assessment plays an important role in strength and conditioning, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. The literature, however, lacks absolute reference values. We systematically reviewed the available studies that assessed isometric knee strength....
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8554160/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34721087 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.767941 |
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author | Šarabon, Nejc Kozinc, Žiga Perman, Mihael |
author_facet | Šarabon, Nejc Kozinc, Žiga Perman, Mihael |
author_sort | Šarabon, Nejc |
collection | PubMed |
description | Single-joint isometric and isokinetic knee strength assessment plays an important role in strength and conditioning, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. The literature, however, lacks absolute reference values. We systematically reviewed the available studies that assessed isometric knee strength. Two scientific databases (PubMed and PEDro) were searched for the papers that are published from the inception of the field to the end of 2019. We included studies that involved participants of both genders and different age groups, regardless of the study design, that involved isometric knee extension and/or flexion measurement. The extracted data were converted to body-mass-normalized values. Moreover, the data were grouped according to the knee angle condition (extended, mid-range, and flexed). A meta-analysis was performed on 13,893 participants from 411 studies. In adult healthy males, the pooled 95% confidence intervals (CI) for knee extension were 1.34–2.23Nm/kg for extended knee angle, 2.92–3.45Nm/kg for mid-range knee angle, and 2.50–3.06Nm/kg for flexed knee angle, while the CIs for flexion were 0.85–1.20, 1.15–1.62, and 0.96–1.54Nm/kg, respectively. Adult females consistently showed lower strength than adult male subgroups (e.g., the CIs for knee extension were 1.01–1.50, 2.08–2.74, and 2.04–2.71Nm/kg for extended, mid-range, and flexed knee angle condition). Older adults consistently showed lower values than adults (e.g., pooled CIs for mid-range knee angle were 1.74–2.16Nm/kg (male) and 1.40–1.64Nm/kg (female) for extension, and 0.69–0.89Nm/kg (male) and 0.46–0.81Nm/kg (female) for flexion). Reliable normative for athletes could not be calculated due to limited number of studies for individual sports. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8554160 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85541602021-10-30 Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength Šarabon, Nejc Kozinc, Žiga Perman, Mihael Front Physiol Physiology Single-joint isometric and isokinetic knee strength assessment plays an important role in strength and conditioning, physical therapy, and rehabilitation. The literature, however, lacks absolute reference values. We systematically reviewed the available studies that assessed isometric knee strength. Two scientific databases (PubMed and PEDro) were searched for the papers that are published from the inception of the field to the end of 2019. We included studies that involved participants of both genders and different age groups, regardless of the study design, that involved isometric knee extension and/or flexion measurement. The extracted data were converted to body-mass-normalized values. Moreover, the data were grouped according to the knee angle condition (extended, mid-range, and flexed). A meta-analysis was performed on 13,893 participants from 411 studies. In adult healthy males, the pooled 95% confidence intervals (CI) for knee extension were 1.34–2.23Nm/kg for extended knee angle, 2.92–3.45Nm/kg for mid-range knee angle, and 2.50–3.06Nm/kg for flexed knee angle, while the CIs for flexion were 0.85–1.20, 1.15–1.62, and 0.96–1.54Nm/kg, respectively. Adult females consistently showed lower strength than adult male subgroups (e.g., the CIs for knee extension were 1.01–1.50, 2.08–2.74, and 2.04–2.71Nm/kg for extended, mid-range, and flexed knee angle condition). Older adults consistently showed lower values than adults (e.g., pooled CIs for mid-range knee angle were 1.74–2.16Nm/kg (male) and 1.40–1.64Nm/kg (female) for extension, and 0.69–0.89Nm/kg (male) and 0.46–0.81Nm/kg (female) for flexion). Reliable normative for athletes could not be calculated due to limited number of studies for individual sports. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8554160/ /pubmed/34721087 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.767941 Text en Copyright © 2021 Šarabon, Kozinc and Perman. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Šarabon, Nejc Kozinc, Žiga Perman, Mihael Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title | Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title_full | Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title_fullStr | Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title_full_unstemmed | Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title_short | Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength |
title_sort | establishing reference values for isometric knee extension and flexion strength |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8554160/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34721087 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.767941 |
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