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Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The 1-year survival rate of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease is abysmal. The aggressive nature of cancer cells, hypovascularization, extensive...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer US
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8556175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34591242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-021-09995-x |
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author | Sempere, Lorenzo F. Powell, Katherine Rana, Jatin Brock, Andrew A. Schmittgen, Thomas D. |
author_facet | Sempere, Lorenzo F. Powell, Katherine Rana, Jatin Brock, Andrew A. Schmittgen, Thomas D. |
author_sort | Sempere, Lorenzo F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The 1-year survival rate of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease is abysmal. The aggressive nature of cancer cells, hypovascularization, extensive desmoplastic stroma, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) endows PDAC tumors with multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. With no obvious genetic mutation(s) driving tumor progression or metastatic transition, the challenges for understanding the biological mechanism(s) of these processes are paramount. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these processes could lead to new diagnostic tools for patient management and new targets for therapeutic intervention. microRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved gene class of short non-coding regulatory RNAs. miRNAs are an extensive regulatory layer that controls gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This review focuses on preclinical models that functionally dissect miRNA activity in tumor progression or metastatic processes in PDAC. Collectively, these studies suggest an influence of miRNAs and RNA-RNA networks in the processes of epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition and cancer cell stemness. At a cell-type level, some miRNAs mainly influence cancer cell–intrinsic processes and pathways, whereas other miRNAs predominantly act in distinct cellular compartments of the TME to regulate fibroblast and immune cell functions and/or influence other cell types’ function via cell-to-cell communications by transfer of extracellular vesicles. At a molecular level, the influence of miRNA-mediated regulation often converges in core signaling pathways, including TGF-β, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8556175 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85561752021-11-04 Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer Sempere, Lorenzo F. Powell, Katherine Rana, Jatin Brock, Andrew A. Schmittgen, Thomas D. Cancer Metastasis Rev Article Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of cancer with an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The 1-year survival rate of patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease is abysmal. The aggressive nature of cancer cells, hypovascularization, extensive desmoplastic stroma, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) endows PDAC tumors with multiple mechanisms of drug resistance. With no obvious genetic mutation(s) driving tumor progression or metastatic transition, the challenges for understanding the biological mechanism(s) of these processes are paramount. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of these processes could lead to new diagnostic tools for patient management and new targets for therapeutic intervention. microRNAs (miRNAs) are an evolutionarily conserved gene class of short non-coding regulatory RNAs. miRNAs are an extensive regulatory layer that controls gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This review focuses on preclinical models that functionally dissect miRNA activity in tumor progression or metastatic processes in PDAC. Collectively, these studies suggest an influence of miRNAs and RNA-RNA networks in the processes of epithelial to mesenchymal cell transition and cancer cell stemness. At a cell-type level, some miRNAs mainly influence cancer cell–intrinsic processes and pathways, whereas other miRNAs predominantly act in distinct cellular compartments of the TME to regulate fibroblast and immune cell functions and/or influence other cell types’ function via cell-to-cell communications by transfer of extracellular vesicles. At a molecular level, the influence of miRNA-mediated regulation often converges in core signaling pathways, including TGF-β, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB. Springer US 2021-09-30 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8556175/ /pubmed/34591242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-021-09995-x Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Sempere, Lorenzo F. Powell, Katherine Rana, Jatin Brock, Andrew A. Schmittgen, Thomas D. Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title | Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title_full | Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title_fullStr | Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title_short | Role of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
title_sort | role of non-coding rnas in tumor progression and metastasis in pancreatic cancer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8556175/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34591242 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10555-021-09995-x |
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