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Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Intere...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Microbiology
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8557930/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34585984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21 |
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author | Ruang-areerate, Toon Piyaraj, Phunlerd Suwannahitatorn, Picha Ruang-areerate, Panthita Thita, Thunyapit Naaglor, Tawee Witee, Umaporn Sakboonyarat, Boonsub Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut |
author_facet | Ruang-areerate, Toon Piyaraj, Phunlerd Suwannahitatorn, Picha Ruang-areerate, Panthita Thita, Thunyapit Naaglor, Tawee Witee, Umaporn Sakboonyarat, Boonsub Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut |
author_sort | Ruang-areerate, Toon |
collection | PubMed |
description | Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Interestingly, at least 17 subtypes (STs) have been reported and are associated with a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis ST1 in rural communities of eastern Thailand where the overall prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 15.7%. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be distributed unequally in this region. Of 5 STs, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. This finding suggests that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. IMPORTANCE Blastocystis sp. remains a public health problem among people, particularly in rural areas of many developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis subtype 1 (ST1) in rural communities of eastern Thailand. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be unequally distributed in this region. Interestingly, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. The finding makes significant contributions to genetic and molecular investigations of microbial topics of practical value and suggest that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8557930 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85579302021-11-08 Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source Ruang-areerate, Toon Piyaraj, Phunlerd Suwannahitatorn, Picha Ruang-areerate, Panthita Thita, Thunyapit Naaglor, Tawee Witee, Umaporn Sakboonyarat, Boonsub Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Microbiol Spectr Research Article Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Interestingly, at least 17 subtypes (STs) have been reported and are associated with a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis ST1 in rural communities of eastern Thailand where the overall prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 15.7%. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be distributed unequally in this region. Of 5 STs, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. This finding suggests that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. IMPORTANCE Blastocystis sp. remains a public health problem among people, particularly in rural areas of many developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis subtype 1 (ST1) in rural communities of eastern Thailand. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be unequally distributed in this region. Interestingly, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. The finding makes significant contributions to genetic and molecular investigations of microbial topics of practical value and suggest that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. American Society for Microbiology 2021-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8557930/ /pubmed/34585984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ruang-areerate et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ruang-areerate, Toon Piyaraj, Phunlerd Suwannahitatorn, Picha Ruang-areerate, Panthita Thita, Thunyapit Naaglor, Tawee Witee, Umaporn Sakboonyarat, Boonsub Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title | Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title_full | Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title_fullStr | Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title_full_unstemmed | Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title_short | Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source |
title_sort | zoonotic transmission of blastocystis subtype 1 among people in eastern communities of thailand: organic fertilizer from pig feces as a potential source |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8557930/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34585984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21 |
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