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Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source

Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Intere...

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Autores principales: Ruang-areerate, Toon, Piyaraj, Phunlerd, Suwannahitatorn, Picha, Ruang-areerate, Panthita, Thita, Thunyapit, Naaglor, Tawee, Witee, Umaporn, Sakboonyarat, Boonsub, Leelayoova, Saovanee, Mungthin, Mathirut
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8557930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34585984
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21
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author Ruang-areerate, Toon
Piyaraj, Phunlerd
Suwannahitatorn, Picha
Ruang-areerate, Panthita
Thita, Thunyapit
Naaglor, Tawee
Witee, Umaporn
Sakboonyarat, Boonsub
Leelayoova, Saovanee
Mungthin, Mathirut
author_facet Ruang-areerate, Toon
Piyaraj, Phunlerd
Suwannahitatorn, Picha
Ruang-areerate, Panthita
Thita, Thunyapit
Naaglor, Tawee
Witee, Umaporn
Sakboonyarat, Boonsub
Leelayoova, Saovanee
Mungthin, Mathirut
author_sort Ruang-areerate, Toon
collection PubMed
description Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Interestingly, at least 17 subtypes (STs) have been reported and are associated with a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis ST1 in rural communities of eastern Thailand where the overall prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 15.7%. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be distributed unequally in this region. Of 5 STs, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. This finding suggests that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. IMPORTANCE Blastocystis sp. remains a public health problem among people, particularly in rural areas of many developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis subtype 1 (ST1) in rural communities of eastern Thailand. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be unequally distributed in this region. Interestingly, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. The finding makes significant contributions to genetic and molecular investigations of microbial topics of practical value and suggest that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community.
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spelling pubmed-85579302021-11-08 Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source Ruang-areerate, Toon Piyaraj, Phunlerd Suwannahitatorn, Picha Ruang-areerate, Panthita Thita, Thunyapit Naaglor, Tawee Witee, Umaporn Sakboonyarat, Boonsub Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Microbiol Spectr Research Article Blastocystis sp., the most common intestinal protozoa, remains a public health problem among people in many countries, particularly in rural areas of developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. Interestingly, at least 17 subtypes (STs) have been reported and are associated with a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis ST1 in rural communities of eastern Thailand where the overall prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 15.7%. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be distributed unequally in this region. Of 5 STs, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. This finding suggests that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. IMPORTANCE Blastocystis sp. remains a public health problem among people, particularly in rural areas of many developing countries. The infection usually reflects poor sanitation in communities by waterborne, zoonotic, and person-to-person transmission. In this study, we reported potential evidence of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis subtype 1 (ST1) in rural communities of eastern Thailand. Two major and three minor subtypes were found to be unequally distributed in this region. Interestingly, only ST1 was found to be associated with pig feces in an open farm system that produced organic fertilizer for agriculture uses in the community. The finding makes significant contributions to genetic and molecular investigations of microbial topics of practical value and suggest that properly protective contact and standard production of organic fertilizer from pig feces by-products could be key factors for reducing the prevalence of Blastocystis infection and prevent Blastocystis reinfection among people in the community. American Society for Microbiology 2021-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8557930/ /pubmed/34585984 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ruang-areerate et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Ruang-areerate, Toon
Piyaraj, Phunlerd
Suwannahitatorn, Picha
Ruang-areerate, Panthita
Thita, Thunyapit
Naaglor, Tawee
Witee, Umaporn
Sakboonyarat, Boonsub
Leelayoova, Saovanee
Mungthin, Mathirut
Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title_full Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title_fullStr Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title_full_unstemmed Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title_short Zoonotic Transmission of Blastocystis Subtype 1 among People in Eastern Communities of Thailand: Organic Fertilizer from Pig Feces as a Potential Source
title_sort zoonotic transmission of blastocystis subtype 1 among people in eastern communities of thailand: organic fertilizer from pig feces as a potential source
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8557930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34585984
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00362-21
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