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Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection

When listening to music, pitch deviations are more salient and elicit stronger prediction error responses when the melodic context is predictable and when the listener is a musician. Yet, the neuronal dynamics and changes in connectivity underlying such effects remain unclear. Here, we employed dyna...

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Autores principales: Quiroga‐Martinez, David R., Hansen, Niels Christian, Højlund, Andreas, Pearce, Marcus, Brattico, Elvira, Holmes, Emma, Friston, Karl, Vuust, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34459062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25638
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author Quiroga‐Martinez, David R.
Hansen, Niels Christian
Højlund, Andreas
Pearce, Marcus
Brattico, Elvira
Holmes, Emma
Friston, Karl
Vuust, Peter
author_facet Quiroga‐Martinez, David R.
Hansen, Niels Christian
Højlund, Andreas
Pearce, Marcus
Brattico, Elvira
Holmes, Emma
Friston, Karl
Vuust, Peter
author_sort Quiroga‐Martinez, David R.
collection PubMed
description When listening to music, pitch deviations are more salient and elicit stronger prediction error responses when the melodic context is predictable and when the listener is a musician. Yet, the neuronal dynamics and changes in connectivity underlying such effects remain unclear. Here, we employed dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to investigate whether the magnetic mismatch negativity response (MMNm)—and its modulation by context predictability and musical expertise—are associated with enhanced neural gain of auditory areas, as a plausible mechanism for encoding precision‐weighted prediction errors. Using Bayesian model comparison, we asked whether models with intrinsic connections within primary auditory cortex (A1) and superior temporal gyrus (STG)—typically related to gain control—or extrinsic connections between A1 and STG—typically related to propagation of prediction and error signals—better explained magnetoencephalography responses. We found that, compared to regular sounds, out‐of‐tune pitch deviations were associated with lower intrinsic (inhibitory) connectivity in A1 and STG, and lower backward (inhibitory) connectivity from STG to A1, consistent with disinhibition and enhanced neural gain in these auditory areas. More predictable melodies were associated with disinhibition in right A1, while musicianship was associated with disinhibition in left A1 and reduced connectivity from STG to left A1. These results indicate that musicianship and melodic predictability, as well as pitch deviations themselves, enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during deviance detection. Our findings are consistent with predictive processing theories suggesting that precise and informative error signals are selected by the brain for subsequent hierarchical processing.
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spelling pubmed-85594762021-11-08 Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection Quiroga‐Martinez, David R. Hansen, Niels Christian Højlund, Andreas Pearce, Marcus Brattico, Elvira Holmes, Emma Friston, Karl Vuust, Peter Hum Brain Mapp Research Articles When listening to music, pitch deviations are more salient and elicit stronger prediction error responses when the melodic context is predictable and when the listener is a musician. Yet, the neuronal dynamics and changes in connectivity underlying such effects remain unclear. Here, we employed dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to investigate whether the magnetic mismatch negativity response (MMNm)—and its modulation by context predictability and musical expertise—are associated with enhanced neural gain of auditory areas, as a plausible mechanism for encoding precision‐weighted prediction errors. Using Bayesian model comparison, we asked whether models with intrinsic connections within primary auditory cortex (A1) and superior temporal gyrus (STG)—typically related to gain control—or extrinsic connections between A1 and STG—typically related to propagation of prediction and error signals—better explained magnetoencephalography responses. We found that, compared to regular sounds, out‐of‐tune pitch deviations were associated with lower intrinsic (inhibitory) connectivity in A1 and STG, and lower backward (inhibitory) connectivity from STG to A1, consistent with disinhibition and enhanced neural gain in these auditory areas. More predictable melodies were associated with disinhibition in right A1, while musicianship was associated with disinhibition in left A1 and reduced connectivity from STG to left A1. These results indicate that musicianship and melodic predictability, as well as pitch deviations themselves, enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during deviance detection. Our findings are consistent with predictive processing theories suggesting that precise and informative error signals are selected by the brain for subsequent hierarchical processing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2021-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8559476/ /pubmed/34459062 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25638 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Quiroga‐Martinez, David R.
Hansen, Niels Christian
Højlund, Andreas
Pearce, Marcus
Brattico, Elvira
Holmes, Emma
Friston, Karl
Vuust, Peter
Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title_full Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title_fullStr Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title_full_unstemmed Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title_short Musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
title_sort musicianship and melodic predictability enhance neural gain in auditory cortex during pitch deviance detection
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559476/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34459062
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25638
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