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Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has one of the worst prognoses among patients with stroke. Surgical measures have been adopted to relieve the mass effect of the hematoma, and developing targeted therapy against secondary brain injury (SBI) after ICH is equally essential. Numerous preclinical and clin...

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Autores principales: Chen, Yihao, Chen, Shengpan, Chang, Jianbo, Wei, Junji, Feng, Ming, Wang, Renzhi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560684/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34737745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.740632
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author Chen, Yihao
Chen, Shengpan
Chang, Jianbo
Wei, Junji
Feng, Ming
Wang, Renzhi
author_facet Chen, Yihao
Chen, Shengpan
Chang, Jianbo
Wei, Junji
Feng, Ming
Wang, Renzhi
author_sort Chen, Yihao
collection PubMed
description Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has one of the worst prognoses among patients with stroke. Surgical measures have been adopted to relieve the mass effect of the hematoma, and developing targeted therapy against secondary brain injury (SBI) after ICH is equally essential. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that perihematomal edema (PHE) is a quantifiable marker of SBI after ICH and is associated with a poor prognosis. Thus, PHE has been considered a promising therapeutic target for ICH. However, the findings derived from existing studies on PHE are disparate and unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to classify, compare, and summarize the existing studies on PHE. In this review, we describe the growth characteristics and relevant underlying mechanism of PHE, analyze the contributions of different risk factors to PHE, present the potential impact of PHE on patient outcomes, and discuss the currently available therapeutic strategies.
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spelling pubmed-85606842021-11-03 Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances Chen, Yihao Chen, Shengpan Chang, Jianbo Wei, Junji Feng, Ming Wang, Renzhi Front Immunol Immunology Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has one of the worst prognoses among patients with stroke. Surgical measures have been adopted to relieve the mass effect of the hematoma, and developing targeted therapy against secondary brain injury (SBI) after ICH is equally essential. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that perihematomal edema (PHE) is a quantifiable marker of SBI after ICH and is associated with a poor prognosis. Thus, PHE has been considered a promising therapeutic target for ICH. However, the findings derived from existing studies on PHE are disparate and unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to classify, compare, and summarize the existing studies on PHE. In this review, we describe the growth characteristics and relevant underlying mechanism of PHE, analyze the contributions of different risk factors to PHE, present the potential impact of PHE on patient outcomes, and discuss the currently available therapeutic strategies. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8560684/ /pubmed/34737745 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.740632 Text en Copyright © 2021 Chen, Chen, Chang, Wei, Feng and Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Chen, Yihao
Chen, Shengpan
Chang, Jianbo
Wei, Junji
Feng, Ming
Wang, Renzhi
Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title_full Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title_fullStr Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title_full_unstemmed Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title_short Perihematomal Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Update on Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Therapeutic Advances
title_sort perihematomal edema after intracerebral hemorrhage: an update on pathogenesis, risk factors, and therapeutic advances
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560684/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34737745
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.740632
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