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To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1

Since their discovery, antibodies capable of broad neutralisation have been at the forefront of HIV-1 research and are of particular interest due to in vivo passive transfer studies demonstrating their potential to provide protection. Currently an exact definition of what is required for a monoclona...

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Autores principales: Griffith, Sarah A., McCoy, Laura E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34737737
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708227
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author Griffith, Sarah A.
McCoy, Laura E.
author_facet Griffith, Sarah A.
McCoy, Laura E.
author_sort Griffith, Sarah A.
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description Since their discovery, antibodies capable of broad neutralisation have been at the forefront of HIV-1 research and are of particular interest due to in vivo passive transfer studies demonstrating their potential to provide protection. Currently an exact definition of what is required for a monoclonal antibody to be classed as a broadly neutralising antibody (bnAb) has not yet been established. This has led to hundreds of antibodies with varying neutralisation breadth being studied and has given insight into antibody maturation pathways and epitopes targeted. However, even with this knowledge, immunisation studies and vaccination trials to date have had limited success in eliciting antibodies with neutralisation breadth. For this reason there is a growing need to identify factors specifically associated with bnAb development, yet to do this a set of criteria is necessary to distinguish bnAbs from non-bnAbs. This review aims to define what it means to be a HIV-1 bnAb by comparing neutralisation breadth, genetic features and epitopes of bnAbs, and in the process highlights the challenges of comparing the array of antibodies that have been isolated over the years.
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spelling pubmed-85607392021-11-03 To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1 Griffith, Sarah A. McCoy, Laura E. Front Immunol Immunology Since their discovery, antibodies capable of broad neutralisation have been at the forefront of HIV-1 research and are of particular interest due to in vivo passive transfer studies demonstrating their potential to provide protection. Currently an exact definition of what is required for a monoclonal antibody to be classed as a broadly neutralising antibody (bnAb) has not yet been established. This has led to hundreds of antibodies with varying neutralisation breadth being studied and has given insight into antibody maturation pathways and epitopes targeted. However, even with this knowledge, immunisation studies and vaccination trials to date have had limited success in eliciting antibodies with neutralisation breadth. For this reason there is a growing need to identify factors specifically associated with bnAb development, yet to do this a set of criteria is necessary to distinguish bnAbs from non-bnAbs. This review aims to define what it means to be a HIV-1 bnAb by comparing neutralisation breadth, genetic features and epitopes of bnAbs, and in the process highlights the challenges of comparing the array of antibodies that have been isolated over the years. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8560739/ /pubmed/34737737 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708227 Text en Copyright © 2021 Griffith and McCoy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Griffith, Sarah A.
McCoy, Laura E.
To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title_full To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title_fullStr To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title_full_unstemmed To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title_short To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1
title_sort to bnab or not to bnab: defining broadly neutralising antibodies against hiv-1
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34737737
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708227
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