Cargando…
Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation
The proposal of fault-tolerant quantum computations, which promise to dramatically improve the operation of quantum computers and to accelerate the development of the compact hardware for them, is based on topological quantum field theories, which rely on the existence in Nature of physical systems...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563711/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34728665 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00859-6 |
_version_ | 1784593463574003712 |
---|---|
author | Mintairov, Alexander M. Lebedev, Dmitrii V. Vlasov, Alexei S. Orlov, Alexei O. Snider, Gregory L. Blundell, Steven A. |
author_facet | Mintairov, Alexander M. Lebedev, Dmitrii V. Vlasov, Alexei S. Orlov, Alexei O. Snider, Gregory L. Blundell, Steven A. |
author_sort | Mintairov, Alexander M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The proposal of fault-tolerant quantum computations, which promise to dramatically improve the operation of quantum computers and to accelerate the development of the compact hardware for them, is based on topological quantum field theories, which rely on the existence in Nature of physical systems described by a Lagrangian containing a non-Abelian (NA) topological term. These are solid-state systems having two-dimensional electrons, which are coupled to magnetic-flux-quanta vortexes, forming complex particles, known as anyons. Topological quantum computing (TQC) operations thus represent a physical realization of the mathematical operations involving NA representations of a braid group B(n), generated by a set of n localized anyons, which can be braided and fused using a “tweezer” and controlled by a detector. For most of the potential TQC material systems known so far, which are 2D-electron–gas semiconductor structure at high magnetic field and a variety of hybrid superconductor/topological-material heterostructures, the realization of anyon localization versus tweezing and detecting meets serious obstacles, chief among which are the necessity of using current control, i.e., mobile particles, of the TQC operations and high density electron puddles (containing thousands of electrons) to generate a single vortex. Here we demonstrate a novel system, in which these obstacles can be overcome, and in which vortexes are generated by a single electron. This is a ~ 150 nm size many electron InP/GaInP(2) self-organized quantum dot, in which molecules, consisting of a few localized anyons, are naturally formed and exist at zero external magnetic field. We used high-spatial-resolution scanning magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements of a set of the dots having five and six electrons, together with many-body quantum mechanical calculations to demonstrate spontaneous formation of the anyon magneto-electron particles (e(ν)) having fractional charge ν = n/k, where n = 1–4 and k = 3–15 are the number of electrons and vortexes, respectively, arranged in molecular structures having a built-in (internal) magnetic field of 6–12 T. Using direct imaging of the molecular configurations we observed fusion and braiding of e(ν)-anyons under photo-excitation and revealed the possibility of using charge sensing for their control. Our investigations show that InP/GaInP(2) anyon-molecule QDs, which have intrinsic transformations of localized e(ν)-anyons compatible with TQC operations and capable of being probed by charge sensing, are very promising for the realization of TQC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8563711 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85637112021-11-03 Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation Mintairov, Alexander M. Lebedev, Dmitrii V. Vlasov, Alexei S. Orlov, Alexei O. Snider, Gregory L. Blundell, Steven A. Sci Rep Article The proposal of fault-tolerant quantum computations, which promise to dramatically improve the operation of quantum computers and to accelerate the development of the compact hardware for them, is based on topological quantum field theories, which rely on the existence in Nature of physical systems described by a Lagrangian containing a non-Abelian (NA) topological term. These are solid-state systems having two-dimensional electrons, which are coupled to magnetic-flux-quanta vortexes, forming complex particles, known as anyons. Topological quantum computing (TQC) operations thus represent a physical realization of the mathematical operations involving NA representations of a braid group B(n), generated by a set of n localized anyons, which can be braided and fused using a “tweezer” and controlled by a detector. For most of the potential TQC material systems known so far, which are 2D-electron–gas semiconductor structure at high magnetic field and a variety of hybrid superconductor/topological-material heterostructures, the realization of anyon localization versus tweezing and detecting meets serious obstacles, chief among which are the necessity of using current control, i.e., mobile particles, of the TQC operations and high density electron puddles (containing thousands of electrons) to generate a single vortex. Here we demonstrate a novel system, in which these obstacles can be overcome, and in which vortexes are generated by a single electron. This is a ~ 150 nm size many electron InP/GaInP(2) self-organized quantum dot, in which molecules, consisting of a few localized anyons, are naturally formed and exist at zero external magnetic field. We used high-spatial-resolution scanning magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements of a set of the dots having five and six electrons, together with many-body quantum mechanical calculations to demonstrate spontaneous formation of the anyon magneto-electron particles (e(ν)) having fractional charge ν = n/k, where n = 1–4 and k = 3–15 are the number of electrons and vortexes, respectively, arranged in molecular structures having a built-in (internal) magnetic field of 6–12 T. Using direct imaging of the molecular configurations we observed fusion and braiding of e(ν)-anyons under photo-excitation and revealed the possibility of using charge sensing for their control. Our investigations show that InP/GaInP(2) anyon-molecule QDs, which have intrinsic transformations of localized e(ν)-anyons compatible with TQC operations and capable of being probed by charge sensing, are very promising for the realization of TQC. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8563711/ /pubmed/34728665 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00859-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Mintairov, Alexander M. Lebedev, Dmitrii V. Vlasov, Alexei S. Orlov, Alexei O. Snider, Gregory L. Blundell, Steven A. Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title | Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title_full | Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title_fullStr | Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title_full_unstemmed | Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title_short | Nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
title_sort | nano-photoluminescence of natural anyon molecules and topological quantum computation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563711/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34728665 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00859-6 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mintairovalexanderm nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation AT lebedevdmitriiv nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation AT vlasovalexeis nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation AT orlovalexeio nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation AT snidergregoryl nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation AT blundellstevena nanophotoluminescenceofnaturalanyonmoleculesandtopologicalquantumcomputation |