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A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture

The World Health Organisation has called for a 40% increase in personal protective equipment manufacturing worldwide, recognising that frontline workers need effective protection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current devices suffer from high fit-failure rates leaving significant proportions of users...

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Autores principales: Carter, Luke N., Reed, Caroline A., Morrell, Alexander P., Fong, Anthony K. H., Chowdhury, Rayyan, Miller, Ewan, Alberini, Federico, Khambay, Balvinder, Anand, Shivana, Grover, Liam M., Coward, Trevor, Addison, Owen, Cox, Sophie C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34728650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00341-3
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author Carter, Luke N.
Reed, Caroline A.
Morrell, Alexander P.
Fong, Anthony K. H.
Chowdhury, Rayyan
Miller, Ewan
Alberini, Federico
Khambay, Balvinder
Anand, Shivana
Grover, Liam M.
Coward, Trevor
Addison, Owen
Cox, Sophie C.
author_facet Carter, Luke N.
Reed, Caroline A.
Morrell, Alexander P.
Fong, Anthony K. H.
Chowdhury, Rayyan
Miller, Ewan
Alberini, Federico
Khambay, Balvinder
Anand, Shivana
Grover, Liam M.
Coward, Trevor
Addison, Owen
Cox, Sophie C.
author_sort Carter, Luke N.
collection PubMed
description The World Health Organisation has called for a 40% increase in personal protective equipment manufacturing worldwide, recognising that frontline workers need effective protection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current devices suffer from high fit-failure rates leaving significant proportions of users exposed to risk of viral infection. Driven by non-contact, portable, and widely available 3D scanning technologies, a workflow is presented whereby a user’s face is rapidly categorised using relevant facial parameters. Device design is then directed down either a semi-customised or fully-customised route. Semi-customised designs use the extracted eye-to-chin distance to categorise users in to pre-determined size brackets established via a cohort of 200 participants encompassing 87.5% of the cohort. The user’s nasal profile is approximated to a Gaussian curve to further refine the selection in to one of three subsets. Flexible silicone provides the facial interface accommodating minor mismatches between true nasal profile and the approximation, maintaining a good seal in this challenging region. Critically, users with outlying facial parameters are flagged for the fully-customised route whereby the silicone interface is mapped to 3D scan data. These two approaches allow for large scale manufacture of a limited number of design variations, currently nine through the semi-customised approach, whilst ensuring effective device fit. Furthermore, labour-intensive fully-customised designs are targeted as those users who will most greatly benefit. By encompassing both approaches, the presented workflow balances manufacturing scale-up feasibility with the diverse range of users to provide well-fitting devices as widely as possible. Novel flow visualisation on a model face is presented alongside qualitative fit-testing of prototype devices to support the workflow methodology.
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spelling pubmed-85637702021-11-04 A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture Carter, Luke N. Reed, Caroline A. Morrell, Alexander P. Fong, Anthony K. H. Chowdhury, Rayyan Miller, Ewan Alberini, Federico Khambay, Balvinder Anand, Shivana Grover, Liam M. Coward, Trevor Addison, Owen Cox, Sophie C. Sci Rep Article The World Health Organisation has called for a 40% increase in personal protective equipment manufacturing worldwide, recognising that frontline workers need effective protection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current devices suffer from high fit-failure rates leaving significant proportions of users exposed to risk of viral infection. Driven by non-contact, portable, and widely available 3D scanning technologies, a workflow is presented whereby a user’s face is rapidly categorised using relevant facial parameters. Device design is then directed down either a semi-customised or fully-customised route. Semi-customised designs use the extracted eye-to-chin distance to categorise users in to pre-determined size brackets established via a cohort of 200 participants encompassing 87.5% of the cohort. The user’s nasal profile is approximated to a Gaussian curve to further refine the selection in to one of three subsets. Flexible silicone provides the facial interface accommodating minor mismatches between true nasal profile and the approximation, maintaining a good seal in this challenging region. Critically, users with outlying facial parameters are flagged for the fully-customised route whereby the silicone interface is mapped to 3D scan data. These two approaches allow for large scale manufacture of a limited number of design variations, currently nine through the semi-customised approach, whilst ensuring effective device fit. Furthermore, labour-intensive fully-customised designs are targeted as those users who will most greatly benefit. By encompassing both approaches, the presented workflow balances manufacturing scale-up feasibility with the diverse range of users to provide well-fitting devices as widely as possible. Novel flow visualisation on a model face is presented alongside qualitative fit-testing of prototype devices to support the workflow methodology. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8563770/ /pubmed/34728650 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00341-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Carter, Luke N.
Reed, Caroline A.
Morrell, Alexander P.
Fong, Anthony K. H.
Chowdhury, Rayyan
Miller, Ewan
Alberini, Federico
Khambay, Balvinder
Anand, Shivana
Grover, Liam M.
Coward, Trevor
Addison, Owen
Cox, Sophie C.
A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title_full A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title_fullStr A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title_full_unstemmed A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title_short A feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
title_sort feasible route for the design and manufacture of customised respiratory protection through digital facial capture
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34728650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00341-3
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