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Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment

At present, the global COVID-19 epidemic is still in a state of anxiety, and increasing the cure rate of critically ill patients is an important means to defeat the virus. From an immune perspective, ARDS driven by an inflammatory storm is still the direct cause of death in severe COVID-19 patients....

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Autores principales: Zhou, Yonggang, Xu, Xiuxiu, Wei, Haiming
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8564179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34745094
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.716940
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author Zhou, Yonggang
Xu, Xiuxiu
Wei, Haiming
author_facet Zhou, Yonggang
Xu, Xiuxiu
Wei, Haiming
author_sort Zhou, Yonggang
collection PubMed
description At present, the global COVID-19 epidemic is still in a state of anxiety, and increasing the cure rate of critically ill patients is an important means to defeat the virus. From an immune perspective, ARDS driven by an inflammatory storm is still the direct cause of death in severe COVID-19 patients. Although some experience has been gained in the treatment of COVID-19, and intensive COVID-19 vaccination has been carried out recently, it is still effective to save lives to develop more effective programs to alleviate the inflammatory storm and ARDS in patients with SARS-CoV-2 or emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2. In reorganizing the ARDS-related inflammatory storm formation program in COVID-19 patients, we highlighted the importance of the vicious circle of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cell death, which is aggravated by blood circulation to form multi-system inflammation. Summarizes the interlocking and crisscrossing of inflammatory response and inflammatory cell death mechanisms including NETs, pyrolysis, apoptosis and PANoptosis in severe COVID-19. More importantly, in response to the inflammatory storm formation program we described, and on the premise of following ethical and clinical experimental norms, we propose a three-dimensional integrated program for future research based on boosting antiviral immune response at the initial stage, inhibiting inflammatory cytokine signaling at the exacerbation stage and inhibiting cell death before it’s worse to prevent and alleviate ARDS.
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spelling pubmed-85641792021-11-04 Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment Zhou, Yonggang Xu, Xiuxiu Wei, Haiming Front Immunol Immunology At present, the global COVID-19 epidemic is still in a state of anxiety, and increasing the cure rate of critically ill patients is an important means to defeat the virus. From an immune perspective, ARDS driven by an inflammatory storm is still the direct cause of death in severe COVID-19 patients. Although some experience has been gained in the treatment of COVID-19, and intensive COVID-19 vaccination has been carried out recently, it is still effective to save lives to develop more effective programs to alleviate the inflammatory storm and ARDS in patients with SARS-CoV-2 or emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2. In reorganizing the ARDS-related inflammatory storm formation program in COVID-19 patients, we highlighted the importance of the vicious circle of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cell death, which is aggravated by blood circulation to form multi-system inflammation. Summarizes the interlocking and crisscrossing of inflammatory response and inflammatory cell death mechanisms including NETs, pyrolysis, apoptosis and PANoptosis in severe COVID-19. More importantly, in response to the inflammatory storm formation program we described, and on the premise of following ethical and clinical experimental norms, we propose a three-dimensional integrated program for future research based on boosting antiviral immune response at the initial stage, inhibiting inflammatory cytokine signaling at the exacerbation stage and inhibiting cell death before it’s worse to prevent and alleviate ARDS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8564179/ /pubmed/34745094 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.716940 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhou, Xu and Wei https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Zhou, Yonggang
Xu, Xiuxiu
Wei, Haiming
Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title_full Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title_fullStr Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title_short Complex Pathophysiological Mechanisms and the Propose of the Three-Dimensional Schedule For Future COVID-19 Treatment
title_sort complex pathophysiological mechanisms and the propose of the three-dimensional schedule for future covid-19 treatment
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8564179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34745094
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.716940
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