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Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium

A synthetic microbial consortium called Effective Microorganisms (EM) consists mainly of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Various effects of EM∙XGOLD, a health drink produced by EM, on life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum were described previously. Here, we report our attem...

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Autores principales: Higashinakagawa, Toru, Kikuchi, Haruhisa, Kuwayama, Hidekazu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8565762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34731185
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259297
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author Higashinakagawa, Toru
Kikuchi, Haruhisa
Kuwayama, Hidekazu
author_facet Higashinakagawa, Toru
Kikuchi, Haruhisa
Kuwayama, Hidekazu
author_sort Higashinakagawa, Toru
collection PubMed
description A synthetic microbial consortium called Effective Microorganisms (EM) consists mainly of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Various effects of EM∙XGOLD, a health drink produced by EM, on life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum were described previously. Here, we report our attempt to identify the active principle, termed EMF, that brought about the observed effects. Throughout the purification processes, the presence of the active principle was monitored by promoted fruiting body formation. By liquid-liquid separation the activity was recovered in aqueous phase, which, after concentration, was further subjected to reverse-phase column chromatography. No activity was detected in any eluant, while almost all the activity was recovered in residual insoluble material. The application of conventional organic chemistry procedures to the residual fraction did not lead to any informative results. Acid treatment of the insoluble material produced air bubbles, suggesting it to be composed of some inorganic carbonate. Viewed under scanning electronmicroscope, the residue revealed spherical particles of μm size range. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy pointed to the existence, on the surface of the particles, of magnesium and, to a certain extent, of potassium. In separate experiments, acid treatment and alkali neutralization of EM∙XGOLD completely wiped out the stimulatory activity of fruiting body formation. These lines of evidence indicate these Mg, K-containing microparticles to be an active principle of EM culture extract. How these particles exert their effect is currently under intensive investigation.
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spelling pubmed-85657622021-11-04 Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium Higashinakagawa, Toru Kikuchi, Haruhisa Kuwayama, Hidekazu PLoS One Research Article A synthetic microbial consortium called Effective Microorganisms (EM) consists mainly of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Various effects of EM∙XGOLD, a health drink produced by EM, on life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum were described previously. Here, we report our attempt to identify the active principle, termed EMF, that brought about the observed effects. Throughout the purification processes, the presence of the active principle was monitored by promoted fruiting body formation. By liquid-liquid separation the activity was recovered in aqueous phase, which, after concentration, was further subjected to reverse-phase column chromatography. No activity was detected in any eluant, while almost all the activity was recovered in residual insoluble material. The application of conventional organic chemistry procedures to the residual fraction did not lead to any informative results. Acid treatment of the insoluble material produced air bubbles, suggesting it to be composed of some inorganic carbonate. Viewed under scanning electronmicroscope, the residue revealed spherical particles of μm size range. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy pointed to the existence, on the surface of the particles, of magnesium and, to a certain extent, of potassium. In separate experiments, acid treatment and alkali neutralization of EM∙XGOLD completely wiped out the stimulatory activity of fruiting body formation. These lines of evidence indicate these Mg, K-containing microparticles to be an active principle of EM culture extract. How these particles exert their effect is currently under intensive investigation. Public Library of Science 2021-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8565762/ /pubmed/34731185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259297 Text en © 2021 Higashinakagawa et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Higashinakagawa, Toru
Kikuchi, Haruhisa
Kuwayama, Hidekazu
Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title_full Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title_fullStr Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title_full_unstemmed Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title_short Mg, K-containing microparticle: A possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
title_sort mg, k-containing microparticle: a possible active principle of a culture extract produced by a microbial consortium
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8565762/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34731185
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259297
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