Risk of bleeding with ticagrelor in elderly patients over 75 years old: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Bleeding is an untoward outcome in the management of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Although the potent oral P2Y12 inhibitor, ticagrelor is clinically beneficial, its association with bleeding events in elderly ACS patients (≥75 years) is poorly understood. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of 7 databases up to May 20, 2020 to identify studies which examined the risk of bleeding (defined according to each study) among elderly ACS patients (≥75 years) receiving ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel. Summary risk ratios (RR) were estimated using the random effects model. RESULTS: Eight studies consisting of 5 observational studies and 3 randomized controlled trials involving 7032 elderly patients met the eligibility criteria. The mean age of the patients was 77.8 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 12 months. Overall, the pooled RRs showed higher risk of a bleeding event with ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel (RR 1.20, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03–1.40; P = .017). No statistically significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies (Q = 6.93; P = .44; I(2) = 0). Also, pooled RRs did not show a higher risk of major bleeding (RR 1.32, 95% CI 0.91–1.92; P = .15) or minor bleeding (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.76–1.58; P = .64) when comparing the ticagrelor to the clopidogrel group. CONCLUSIONS: There is a 20% increased risk of a bleeding event in elderly ACS patients treated with ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel; for such patients, clopidogrel may be considered as an alternative agent to ticagrelor due to its lower risk of bleeding.