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Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects
Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temperatures (E...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8571377/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34741040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00248-z |
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author | Porras, Mitzy F. Agudelo-Cantero, Gustavo A. Santiago-Martínez, M. Geovanni Navas, Carlos A. Loeschcke, Volker Sørensen, Jesper Givskov Rajotte, Edwin G. |
author_facet | Porras, Mitzy F. Agudelo-Cantero, Gustavo A. Santiago-Martínez, M. Geovanni Navas, Carlos A. Loeschcke, Volker Sørensen, Jesper Givskov Rajotte, Edwin G. |
author_sort | Porras, Mitzy F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temperatures (ET) across trophic levels have rarely been studied. We examined how a fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, affects upper and lower thermal tolerance, and behavior of an herbivorous insect, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and its predator beetle, Hippodamia convergens. We compared changes in thermal tolerance limits (CT(Min) and CT(Max)), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to ET), energetic cost (ATP) posed by each response (thermal tolerance and boldness) between healthy insects and insects infected with two fungal loads. Fungal infection reduced CT(Max) of both aphids and beetles, as well as CT(Min) of beetles. Fungal infection modified the tendency, or boldness, of aphids and predator beetles to cross either warm or cold ET zones (ETZ). ATP levels increased with pathogen infection in both insect species, and the highest ATP levels were found in individuals that crossed cold ETZ. Fungal infection narrowed the thermal tolerance range and inhibited thermal boldness behaviors to cross ET. As environmental temperatures rise, response to thermal stress will be asymmetric among members of a food web at different trophic levels, which may have implications for predator–prey interactions, food web structures, and species distributions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8571377 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85713772021-11-09 Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects Porras, Mitzy F. Agudelo-Cantero, Gustavo A. Santiago-Martínez, M. Geovanni Navas, Carlos A. Loeschcke, Volker Sørensen, Jesper Givskov Rajotte, Edwin G. Sci Rep Article Pathogens can modify many aspects of host behavior or physiology with cascading impacts across trophic levels in terrestrial food webs. These changes include thermal tolerance of hosts, however the effects of fungal infections on thermal tolerances and behavioral responses to extreme temperatures (ET) across trophic levels have rarely been studied. We examined how a fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, affects upper and lower thermal tolerance, and behavior of an herbivorous insect, Acyrthosiphon pisum, and its predator beetle, Hippodamia convergens. We compared changes in thermal tolerance limits (CT(Min) and CT(Max)), thermal boldness (voluntary exposure to ET), energetic cost (ATP) posed by each response (thermal tolerance and boldness) between healthy insects and insects infected with two fungal loads. Fungal infection reduced CT(Max) of both aphids and beetles, as well as CT(Min) of beetles. Fungal infection modified the tendency, or boldness, of aphids and predator beetles to cross either warm or cold ET zones (ETZ). ATP levels increased with pathogen infection in both insect species, and the highest ATP levels were found in individuals that crossed cold ETZ. Fungal infection narrowed the thermal tolerance range and inhibited thermal boldness behaviors to cross ET. As environmental temperatures rise, response to thermal stress will be asymmetric among members of a food web at different trophic levels, which may have implications for predator–prey interactions, food web structures, and species distributions. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-11-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8571377/ /pubmed/34741040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00248-z Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Porras, Mitzy F. Agudelo-Cantero, Gustavo A. Santiago-Martínez, M. Geovanni Navas, Carlos A. Loeschcke, Volker Sørensen, Jesper Givskov Rajotte, Edwin G. Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title | Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title_full | Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title_fullStr | Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title_full_unstemmed | Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title_short | Fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
title_sort | fungal infections lead to shifts in thermal tolerance and voluntary exposure to extreme temperatures in both prey and predator insects |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8571377/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34741040 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00248-z |
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