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Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline
Treeline ecosystems are of great scientific interest to study the effects of limiting environmental conditions on tree growth. However, tree growth is multidimensional, with complex interactions between height and radial growth. In this study, we aimed to disentangle effects of height and climate on...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8573320/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34759941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.748055 |
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author | Pampuch, Timo Anadon-Rosell, Alba Trouillier, Mario Lange, Jelena Wilmking, Martin |
author_facet | Pampuch, Timo Anadon-Rosell, Alba Trouillier, Mario Lange, Jelena Wilmking, Martin |
author_sort | Pampuch, Timo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Treeline ecosystems are of great scientific interest to study the effects of limiting environmental conditions on tree growth. However, tree growth is multidimensional, with complex interactions between height and radial growth. In this study, we aimed to disentangle effects of height and climate on xylem anatomy of white spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] at three treeline sites in Alaska; i.e., one warm and drought-limited, and two cold, temperature-limited. To analyze general growth differences between trees from different sites, we used data on annual ring width, diameter at breast height (DBH), and tree height. A representative subset of the samples was used to investigate xylem anatomical traits. We then used linear mixed-effects models to estimate the effects of height and climatic variables on our study traits. Our study showed that xylem anatomical traits in white spruce can be directly and indirectly controlled by environmental conditions: hydraulic-related traits seem to be mainly influenced by tree height, especially in the earlywood. Thus, they are indirectly driven by environmental conditions, through the environment’s effects on tree height. Traits related to mechanical support show a direct response to environmental conditions, mainly temperature, especially in the latewood. These results highlight the importance of assessing tree growth in a multidimensional way by considering both direct and indirect effects of environmental forcing to better understand the complexity of tree growth responses to the environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8573320 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85733202021-11-09 Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline Pampuch, Timo Anadon-Rosell, Alba Trouillier, Mario Lange, Jelena Wilmking, Martin Front Plant Sci Plant Science Treeline ecosystems are of great scientific interest to study the effects of limiting environmental conditions on tree growth. However, tree growth is multidimensional, with complex interactions between height and radial growth. In this study, we aimed to disentangle effects of height and climate on xylem anatomy of white spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] at three treeline sites in Alaska; i.e., one warm and drought-limited, and two cold, temperature-limited. To analyze general growth differences between trees from different sites, we used data on annual ring width, diameter at breast height (DBH), and tree height. A representative subset of the samples was used to investigate xylem anatomical traits. We then used linear mixed-effects models to estimate the effects of height and climatic variables on our study traits. Our study showed that xylem anatomical traits in white spruce can be directly and indirectly controlled by environmental conditions: hydraulic-related traits seem to be mainly influenced by tree height, especially in the earlywood. Thus, they are indirectly driven by environmental conditions, through the environment’s effects on tree height. Traits related to mechanical support show a direct response to environmental conditions, mainly temperature, especially in the latewood. These results highlight the importance of assessing tree growth in a multidimensional way by considering both direct and indirect effects of environmental forcing to better understand the complexity of tree growth responses to the environment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8573320/ /pubmed/34759941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.748055 Text en Copyright © 2021 Pampuch, Anadon-Rosell, Trouillier, Lange and Wilmking. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Pampuch, Timo Anadon-Rosell, Alba Trouillier, Mario Lange, Jelena Wilmking, Martin Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title | Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title_full | Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title_fullStr | Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title_full_unstemmed | Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title_short | Direct and Indirect Effects of Environmental Limitations on White Spruce Xylem Anatomy at Treeline |
title_sort | direct and indirect effects of environmental limitations on white spruce xylem anatomy at treeline |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8573320/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34759941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.748055 |
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