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Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life

BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-se...

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Autores principales: Westerterp, Klaas R, Yamada, Yosuke, Sagayama, Hiroyuki, Ainslie, Philip N, Andersen, Lene F, Anderson, Liam J, Arab, Lenore, Baddou, Issaad, Bedu-Addo, Kweku, Blaak, Ellen E, Blanc, Stephane, Bonomi, Alberto G, Bouten, Carlijn V C, Bovet, Pascal, Buchowski, Maciej S, Butte, Nancy F, Camps, Stefan G J A, Close, Graeme L, Cooper, Jamie A, Das, Sai K, Cooper, Richard, Dugas, Lara R, Ekelund, Ulf, Entringer, Sonja, Forrester, Terrence, Fudge, Barry W, Goris, Annelies H, Gurven, Michael, Hambly, Catherine, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, Hoos, Marije B, Hu, Sumei, Joonas, Noorjehan, Joosen, Annemiek M, Katzmarzyk, Peter, Kempen, Kitty P, Kimura, Misaka, Kraus, William E, Kushner, Robert F, Lambert, Estelle V, Leonard, William R, Lessan, Nader, Martin, Corby K, Medin, Anine C, Meijer, Erwin P, Morehen, James C, Morton, James P, Neuhouser, Marian L, Nicklas, Theresa A, Ojiambo, Robert M, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Pitsiladis, Yannis P, Plange-Rhule, Jacob, Plasqui, Guy, Prentice, Ross L, Rabinovich, Roberto A, Racette, Susan B, Raichlen, David A, Ravussin, Eric, Reynolds, Rebecca M, Roberts, Susan B, Schuit, Albertine J, Sjödin, Anders M, Stice, Eric, Urlacher, Samuel S, Valenti, Giulio, Van Etten, Ludo M, Van Mil, Edgar A, Wells, Jonathan C K, Wilson, George, Wood, Brian M, Yanovski, Jack, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Zhang, Xueying, Murphy-Alford, Alexia J, Loechl, Cornelia U, Luke, Amy H, Pontzer, Herman, Rood, Jennifer, Schoeller, Dale A, Wong, William W, Speakman, John R
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8574623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34477824
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260
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author Westerterp, Klaas R
Yamada, Yosuke
Sagayama, Hiroyuki
Ainslie, Philip N
Andersen, Lene F
Anderson, Liam J
Arab, Lenore
Baddou, Issaad
Bedu-Addo, Kweku
Blaak, Ellen E
Blanc, Stephane
Bonomi, Alberto G
Bouten, Carlijn V C
Bovet, Pascal
Buchowski, Maciej S
Butte, Nancy F
Camps, Stefan G J A
Close, Graeme L
Cooper, Jamie A
Das, Sai K
Cooper, Richard
Dugas, Lara R
Ekelund, Ulf
Entringer, Sonja
Forrester, Terrence
Fudge, Barry W
Goris, Annelies H
Gurven, Michael
Hambly, Catherine
El Hamdouchi, Asmaa
Hoos, Marije B
Hu, Sumei
Joonas, Noorjehan
Joosen, Annemiek M
Katzmarzyk, Peter
Kempen, Kitty P
Kimura, Misaka
Kraus, William E
Kushner, Robert F
Lambert, Estelle V
Leonard, William R
Lessan, Nader
Martin, Corby K
Medin, Anine C
Meijer, Erwin P
Morehen, James C
Morton, James P
Neuhouser, Marian L
Nicklas, Theresa A
Ojiambo, Robert M
Pietiläinen, Kirsi H
Pitsiladis, Yannis P
Plange-Rhule, Jacob
Plasqui, Guy
Prentice, Ross L
Rabinovich, Roberto A
Racette, Susan B
Raichlen, David A
Ravussin, Eric
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Roberts, Susan B
Schuit, Albertine J
Sjödin, Anders M
Stice, Eric
Urlacher, Samuel S
Valenti, Giulio
Van Etten, Ludo M
Van Mil, Edgar A
Wells, Jonathan C K
Wilson, George
Wood, Brian M
Yanovski, Jack
Yoshida, Tsukasa
Zhang, Xueying
Murphy-Alford, Alexia J
Loechl, Cornelia U
Luke, Amy H
Pontzer, Herman
Rood, Jennifer
Schoeller, Dale A
Wong, William W
Speakman, John R
author_facet Westerterp, Klaas R
Yamada, Yosuke
Sagayama, Hiroyuki
Ainslie, Philip N
Andersen, Lene F
Anderson, Liam J
Arab, Lenore
Baddou, Issaad
Bedu-Addo, Kweku
Blaak, Ellen E
Blanc, Stephane
Bonomi, Alberto G
Bouten, Carlijn V C
Bovet, Pascal
Buchowski, Maciej S
Butte, Nancy F
Camps, Stefan G J A
Close, Graeme L
Cooper, Jamie A
Das, Sai K
Cooper, Richard
Dugas, Lara R
Ekelund, Ulf
Entringer, Sonja
Forrester, Terrence
Fudge, Barry W
Goris, Annelies H
Gurven, Michael
Hambly, Catherine
El Hamdouchi, Asmaa
Hoos, Marije B
Hu, Sumei
Joonas, Noorjehan
Joosen, Annemiek M
Katzmarzyk, Peter
Kempen, Kitty P
Kimura, Misaka
Kraus, William E
Kushner, Robert F
Lambert, Estelle V
Leonard, William R
Lessan, Nader
Martin, Corby K
Medin, Anine C
Meijer, Erwin P
Morehen, James C
Morton, James P
Neuhouser, Marian L
Nicklas, Theresa A
Ojiambo, Robert M
Pietiläinen, Kirsi H
Pitsiladis, Yannis P
Plange-Rhule, Jacob
Plasqui, Guy
Prentice, Ross L
Rabinovich, Roberto A
Racette, Susan B
Raichlen, David A
Ravussin, Eric
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Roberts, Susan B
Schuit, Albertine J
Sjödin, Anders M
Stice, Eric
Urlacher, Samuel S
Valenti, Giulio
Van Etten, Ludo M
Van Mil, Edgar A
Wells, Jonathan C K
Wilson, George
Wood, Brian M
Yanovski, Jack
Yoshida, Tsukasa
Zhang, Xueying
Murphy-Alford, Alexia J
Loechl, Cornelia U
Luke, Amy H
Pontzer, Herman
Rood, Jennifer
Schoeller, Dale A
Wong, William W
Speakman, John R
author_sort Westerterp, Klaas R
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS: PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM–adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: −0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: −0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults.
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spelling pubmed-85746232021-11-09 Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life Westerterp, Klaas R Yamada, Yosuke Sagayama, Hiroyuki Ainslie, Philip N Andersen, Lene F Anderson, Liam J Arab, Lenore Baddou, Issaad Bedu-Addo, Kweku Blaak, Ellen E Blanc, Stephane Bonomi, Alberto G Bouten, Carlijn V C Bovet, Pascal Buchowski, Maciej S Butte, Nancy F Camps, Stefan G J A Close, Graeme L Cooper, Jamie A Das, Sai K Cooper, Richard Dugas, Lara R Ekelund, Ulf Entringer, Sonja Forrester, Terrence Fudge, Barry W Goris, Annelies H Gurven, Michael Hambly, Catherine El Hamdouchi, Asmaa Hoos, Marije B Hu, Sumei Joonas, Noorjehan Joosen, Annemiek M Katzmarzyk, Peter Kempen, Kitty P Kimura, Misaka Kraus, William E Kushner, Robert F Lambert, Estelle V Leonard, William R Lessan, Nader Martin, Corby K Medin, Anine C Meijer, Erwin P Morehen, James C Morton, James P Neuhouser, Marian L Nicklas, Theresa A Ojiambo, Robert M Pietiläinen, Kirsi H Pitsiladis, Yannis P Plange-Rhule, Jacob Plasqui, Guy Prentice, Ross L Rabinovich, Roberto A Racette, Susan B Raichlen, David A Ravussin, Eric Reynolds, Rebecca M Roberts, Susan B Schuit, Albertine J Sjödin, Anders M Stice, Eric Urlacher, Samuel S Valenti, Giulio Van Etten, Ludo M Van Mil, Edgar A Wells, Jonathan C K Wilson, George Wood, Brian M Yanovski, Jack Yoshida, Tsukasa Zhang, Xueying Murphy-Alford, Alexia J Loechl, Cornelia U Luke, Amy H Pontzer, Herman Rood, Jennifer Schoeller, Dale A Wong, William W Speakman, John R Am J Clin Nutr Original Research Communications BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS: PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM–adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: −0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: −0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults. Oxford University Press 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8574623/ /pubmed/34477824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research Communications
Westerterp, Klaas R
Yamada, Yosuke
Sagayama, Hiroyuki
Ainslie, Philip N
Andersen, Lene F
Anderson, Liam J
Arab, Lenore
Baddou, Issaad
Bedu-Addo, Kweku
Blaak, Ellen E
Blanc, Stephane
Bonomi, Alberto G
Bouten, Carlijn V C
Bovet, Pascal
Buchowski, Maciej S
Butte, Nancy F
Camps, Stefan G J A
Close, Graeme L
Cooper, Jamie A
Das, Sai K
Cooper, Richard
Dugas, Lara R
Ekelund, Ulf
Entringer, Sonja
Forrester, Terrence
Fudge, Barry W
Goris, Annelies H
Gurven, Michael
Hambly, Catherine
El Hamdouchi, Asmaa
Hoos, Marije B
Hu, Sumei
Joonas, Noorjehan
Joosen, Annemiek M
Katzmarzyk, Peter
Kempen, Kitty P
Kimura, Misaka
Kraus, William E
Kushner, Robert F
Lambert, Estelle V
Leonard, William R
Lessan, Nader
Martin, Corby K
Medin, Anine C
Meijer, Erwin P
Morehen, James C
Morton, James P
Neuhouser, Marian L
Nicklas, Theresa A
Ojiambo, Robert M
Pietiläinen, Kirsi H
Pitsiladis, Yannis P
Plange-Rhule, Jacob
Plasqui, Guy
Prentice, Ross L
Rabinovich, Roberto A
Racette, Susan B
Raichlen, David A
Ravussin, Eric
Reynolds, Rebecca M
Roberts, Susan B
Schuit, Albertine J
Sjödin, Anders M
Stice, Eric
Urlacher, Samuel S
Valenti, Giulio
Van Etten, Ludo M
Van Mil, Edgar A
Wells, Jonathan C K
Wilson, George
Wood, Brian M
Yanovski, Jack
Yoshida, Tsukasa
Zhang, Xueying
Murphy-Alford, Alexia J
Loechl, Cornelia U
Luke, Amy H
Pontzer, Herman
Rood, Jennifer
Schoeller, Dale A
Wong, William W
Speakman, John R
Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title_full Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title_fullStr Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title_full_unstemmed Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title_short Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
title_sort physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
topic Original Research Communications
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8574623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34477824
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260
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