Cargando…
Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life
BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-se...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8574623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34477824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260 |
_version_ | 1784595580556673024 |
---|---|
author | Westerterp, Klaas R Yamada, Yosuke Sagayama, Hiroyuki Ainslie, Philip N Andersen, Lene F Anderson, Liam J Arab, Lenore Baddou, Issaad Bedu-Addo, Kweku Blaak, Ellen E Blanc, Stephane Bonomi, Alberto G Bouten, Carlijn V C Bovet, Pascal Buchowski, Maciej S Butte, Nancy F Camps, Stefan G J A Close, Graeme L Cooper, Jamie A Das, Sai K Cooper, Richard Dugas, Lara R Ekelund, Ulf Entringer, Sonja Forrester, Terrence Fudge, Barry W Goris, Annelies H Gurven, Michael Hambly, Catherine El Hamdouchi, Asmaa Hoos, Marije B Hu, Sumei Joonas, Noorjehan Joosen, Annemiek M Katzmarzyk, Peter Kempen, Kitty P Kimura, Misaka Kraus, William E Kushner, Robert F Lambert, Estelle V Leonard, William R Lessan, Nader Martin, Corby K Medin, Anine C Meijer, Erwin P Morehen, James C Morton, James P Neuhouser, Marian L Nicklas, Theresa A Ojiambo, Robert M Pietiläinen, Kirsi H Pitsiladis, Yannis P Plange-Rhule, Jacob Plasqui, Guy Prentice, Ross L Rabinovich, Roberto A Racette, Susan B Raichlen, David A Ravussin, Eric Reynolds, Rebecca M Roberts, Susan B Schuit, Albertine J Sjödin, Anders M Stice, Eric Urlacher, Samuel S Valenti, Giulio Van Etten, Ludo M Van Mil, Edgar A Wells, Jonathan C K Wilson, George Wood, Brian M Yanovski, Jack Yoshida, Tsukasa Zhang, Xueying Murphy-Alford, Alexia J Loechl, Cornelia U Luke, Amy H Pontzer, Herman Rood, Jennifer Schoeller, Dale A Wong, William W Speakman, John R |
author_facet | Westerterp, Klaas R Yamada, Yosuke Sagayama, Hiroyuki Ainslie, Philip N Andersen, Lene F Anderson, Liam J Arab, Lenore Baddou, Issaad Bedu-Addo, Kweku Blaak, Ellen E Blanc, Stephane Bonomi, Alberto G Bouten, Carlijn V C Bovet, Pascal Buchowski, Maciej S Butte, Nancy F Camps, Stefan G J A Close, Graeme L Cooper, Jamie A Das, Sai K Cooper, Richard Dugas, Lara R Ekelund, Ulf Entringer, Sonja Forrester, Terrence Fudge, Barry W Goris, Annelies H Gurven, Michael Hambly, Catherine El Hamdouchi, Asmaa Hoos, Marije B Hu, Sumei Joonas, Noorjehan Joosen, Annemiek M Katzmarzyk, Peter Kempen, Kitty P Kimura, Misaka Kraus, William E Kushner, Robert F Lambert, Estelle V Leonard, William R Lessan, Nader Martin, Corby K Medin, Anine C Meijer, Erwin P Morehen, James C Morton, James P Neuhouser, Marian L Nicklas, Theresa A Ojiambo, Robert M Pietiläinen, Kirsi H Pitsiladis, Yannis P Plange-Rhule, Jacob Plasqui, Guy Prentice, Ross L Rabinovich, Roberto A Racette, Susan B Raichlen, David A Ravussin, Eric Reynolds, Rebecca M Roberts, Susan B Schuit, Albertine J Sjödin, Anders M Stice, Eric Urlacher, Samuel S Valenti, Giulio Van Etten, Ludo M Van Mil, Edgar A Wells, Jonathan C K Wilson, George Wood, Brian M Yanovski, Jack Yoshida, Tsukasa Zhang, Xueying Murphy-Alford, Alexia J Loechl, Cornelia U Luke, Amy H Pontzer, Herman Rood, Jennifer Schoeller, Dale A Wong, William W Speakman, John R |
author_sort | Westerterp, Klaas R |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS: PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM–adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: −0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: −0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8574623 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85746232021-11-09 Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life Westerterp, Klaas R Yamada, Yosuke Sagayama, Hiroyuki Ainslie, Philip N Andersen, Lene F Anderson, Liam J Arab, Lenore Baddou, Issaad Bedu-Addo, Kweku Blaak, Ellen E Blanc, Stephane Bonomi, Alberto G Bouten, Carlijn V C Bovet, Pascal Buchowski, Maciej S Butte, Nancy F Camps, Stefan G J A Close, Graeme L Cooper, Jamie A Das, Sai K Cooper, Richard Dugas, Lara R Ekelund, Ulf Entringer, Sonja Forrester, Terrence Fudge, Barry W Goris, Annelies H Gurven, Michael Hambly, Catherine El Hamdouchi, Asmaa Hoos, Marije B Hu, Sumei Joonas, Noorjehan Joosen, Annemiek M Katzmarzyk, Peter Kempen, Kitty P Kimura, Misaka Kraus, William E Kushner, Robert F Lambert, Estelle V Leonard, William R Lessan, Nader Martin, Corby K Medin, Anine C Meijer, Erwin P Morehen, James C Morton, James P Neuhouser, Marian L Nicklas, Theresa A Ojiambo, Robert M Pietiläinen, Kirsi H Pitsiladis, Yannis P Plange-Rhule, Jacob Plasqui, Guy Prentice, Ross L Rabinovich, Roberto A Racette, Susan B Raichlen, David A Ravussin, Eric Reynolds, Rebecca M Roberts, Susan B Schuit, Albertine J Sjödin, Anders M Stice, Eric Urlacher, Samuel S Valenti, Giulio Van Etten, Ludo M Van Mil, Edgar A Wells, Jonathan C K Wilson, George Wood, Brian M Yanovski, Jack Yoshida, Tsukasa Zhang, Xueying Murphy-Alford, Alexia J Loechl, Cornelia U Luke, Amy H Pontzer, Herman Rood, Jennifer Schoeller, Dale A Wong, William W Speakman, John R Am J Clin Nutr Original Research Communications BACKGROUND: Physical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass. OBJECTIVES: A study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution. RESULTS: PAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM–adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: −0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: −0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: If these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults. Oxford University Press 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8574623/ /pubmed/34477824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Communications Westerterp, Klaas R Yamada, Yosuke Sagayama, Hiroyuki Ainslie, Philip N Andersen, Lene F Anderson, Liam J Arab, Lenore Baddou, Issaad Bedu-Addo, Kweku Blaak, Ellen E Blanc, Stephane Bonomi, Alberto G Bouten, Carlijn V C Bovet, Pascal Buchowski, Maciej S Butte, Nancy F Camps, Stefan G J A Close, Graeme L Cooper, Jamie A Das, Sai K Cooper, Richard Dugas, Lara R Ekelund, Ulf Entringer, Sonja Forrester, Terrence Fudge, Barry W Goris, Annelies H Gurven, Michael Hambly, Catherine El Hamdouchi, Asmaa Hoos, Marije B Hu, Sumei Joonas, Noorjehan Joosen, Annemiek M Katzmarzyk, Peter Kempen, Kitty P Kimura, Misaka Kraus, William E Kushner, Robert F Lambert, Estelle V Leonard, William R Lessan, Nader Martin, Corby K Medin, Anine C Meijer, Erwin P Morehen, James C Morton, James P Neuhouser, Marian L Nicklas, Theresa A Ojiambo, Robert M Pietiläinen, Kirsi H Pitsiladis, Yannis P Plange-Rhule, Jacob Plasqui, Guy Prentice, Ross L Rabinovich, Roberto A Racette, Susan B Raichlen, David A Ravussin, Eric Reynolds, Rebecca M Roberts, Susan B Schuit, Albertine J Sjödin, Anders M Stice, Eric Urlacher, Samuel S Valenti, Giulio Van Etten, Ludo M Van Mil, Edgar A Wells, Jonathan C K Wilson, George Wood, Brian M Yanovski, Jack Yoshida, Tsukasa Zhang, Xueying Murphy-Alford, Alexia J Loechl, Cornelia U Luke, Amy H Pontzer, Herman Rood, Jennifer Schoeller, Dale A Wong, William W Speakman, John R Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title | Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title_full | Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title_fullStr | Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title_full_unstemmed | Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title_short | Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
title_sort | physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life |
topic | Original Research Communications |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8574623/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34477824 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab260 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT westerterpklaasr physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT yamadayosuke physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT sagayamahiroyuki physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT ainsliephilipn physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT andersenlenef physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT andersonliamj physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT arablenore physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT baddouissaad physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT beduaddokweku physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT blaakellene physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT blancstephane physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT bonomialbertog physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT boutencarlijnvc physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT bovetpascal physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT buchowskimaciejs physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT buttenancyf physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT campsstefangja physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT closegraemel physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT cooperjamiea physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT dassaik physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT cooperrichard physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT dugaslarar physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT ekelundulf physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT entringersonja physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT forresterterrence physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT fudgebarryw physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT gorisanneliesh physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT gurvenmichael physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT hamblycatherine physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT elhamdouchiasmaa physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT hoosmarijeb physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT husumei physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT joonasnoorjehan physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT joosenannemiekm physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT katzmarzykpeter physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT kempenkittyp physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT kimuramisaka physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT krauswilliame physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT kushnerrobertf physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT lambertestellev physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT leonardwilliamr physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT lessannader physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT martincorbyk physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT medinaninec physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT meijererwinp physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT morehenjamesc physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT mortonjamesp physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT neuhousermarianl physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT nicklastheresaa physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT ojiamborobertm physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT pietilainenkirsih physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT pitsiladisyannisp physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT plangerhulejacob physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT plasquiguy physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT prenticerossl physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT rabinovichrobertoa physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT racettesusanb physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT raichlendavida physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT ravussineric physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT reynoldsrebeccam physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT robertssusanb physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT schuitalbertinej physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT sjodinandersm physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT sticeeric physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT urlachersamuels physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT valentigiulio physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT vanettenludom physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT vanmiledgara physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT wellsjonathanck physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT wilsongeorge physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT woodbrianm physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT yanovskijack physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT yoshidatsukasa physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT zhangxueying physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT murphyalfordalexiaj physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT loechlcorneliau physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT lukeamyh physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT pontzerherman physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT roodjennifer physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT schoellerdalea physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT wongwilliamw physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT speakmanjohnr physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife AT physicalactivityandfatfreemassduringgrowthandinlaterlife |