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Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected daily habits and psychological wellbeing, and many studies point to large modifications in several sleep and sleep-related domains. Nevertheless, pre-sleep arousal during the pandemic has been substantially overlooked. Since hyperarousal represe...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8577578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34731828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.006 |
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author | Gorgoni, Maurizio Scarpelli, Serena Mangiaruga, Anastasia Alfonsi, Valentina Bonsignore, Maria R. Fanfulla, Francesco Ferini-Strambi, Luigi Nobili, Lino Plazzi, Giuseppe De Gennaro, Luigi |
author_facet | Gorgoni, Maurizio Scarpelli, Serena Mangiaruga, Anastasia Alfonsi, Valentina Bonsignore, Maria R. Fanfulla, Francesco Ferini-Strambi, Luigi Nobili, Lino Plazzi, Giuseppe De Gennaro, Luigi |
author_sort | Gorgoni, Maurizio |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected daily habits and psychological wellbeing, and many studies point to large modifications in several sleep and sleep-related domains. Nevertheless, pre-sleep arousal during the pandemic has been substantially overlooked. Since hyperarousal represents one of the main factors for the development and the perpetuation of chronic insomnia disorder, the assessment of variables associated with high levels of pre-sleep arousal during the pandemic is clinically relevant. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of perceived sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal in an Italian sample during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: We used an online survey to collect self-reported sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, sleep, and sleep-related data. Our final sample included 761 participants. RESULTS: Beyond a high frequency of poor sleep quality, depressive and stress symptoms, our results show that almost half of the sample suffered from clinically relevant levels of at least one component (ie, cognitive, somatic) of pre-sleep arousal. Subjects with greater pre-sleep arousal exhibited poorer sleep quality. Also, sleep quality was strongly associated with somatic and cognitive pre-sleep arousal. Regarding the predictors of sleep and sleep-related measures, depressive and event-related stress symptoms were the main factors associated with both poor sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal components. Moreover, specific sociodemographic and environmental variables were uniquely related to sleep quality, cognitive or somatic pre-sleep arousal. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the assessment of specific sleep-related factors (ie, pre-sleep arousal), together with more global measures of sleep quality, may be crucial to depict the complex impact of the pandemic on sleep, and to help prevent and counteract the spread of insomnia symptoms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8577578 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85775782021-11-10 Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy Gorgoni, Maurizio Scarpelli, Serena Mangiaruga, Anastasia Alfonsi, Valentina Bonsignore, Maria R. Fanfulla, Francesco Ferini-Strambi, Luigi Nobili, Lino Plazzi, Giuseppe De Gennaro, Luigi Sleep Med Original Article OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected daily habits and psychological wellbeing, and many studies point to large modifications in several sleep and sleep-related domains. Nevertheless, pre-sleep arousal during the pandemic has been substantially overlooked. Since hyperarousal represents one of the main factors for the development and the perpetuation of chronic insomnia disorder, the assessment of variables associated with high levels of pre-sleep arousal during the pandemic is clinically relevant. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of perceived sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal in an Italian sample during the COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS: We used an online survey to collect self-reported sociodemographic, environmental, clinical, sleep, and sleep-related data. Our final sample included 761 participants. RESULTS: Beyond a high frequency of poor sleep quality, depressive and stress symptoms, our results show that almost half of the sample suffered from clinically relevant levels of at least one component (ie, cognitive, somatic) of pre-sleep arousal. Subjects with greater pre-sleep arousal exhibited poorer sleep quality. Also, sleep quality was strongly associated with somatic and cognitive pre-sleep arousal. Regarding the predictors of sleep and sleep-related measures, depressive and event-related stress symptoms were the main factors associated with both poor sleep quality and pre-sleep arousal components. Moreover, specific sociodemographic and environmental variables were uniquely related to sleep quality, cognitive or somatic pre-sleep arousal. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the assessment of specific sleep-related factors (ie, pre-sleep arousal), together with more global measures of sleep quality, may be crucial to depict the complex impact of the pandemic on sleep, and to help prevent and counteract the spread of insomnia symptoms. Elsevier B.V. 2021-12 2021-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8577578/ /pubmed/34731828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.006 Text en © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Gorgoni, Maurizio Scarpelli, Serena Mangiaruga, Anastasia Alfonsi, Valentina Bonsignore, Maria R. Fanfulla, Francesco Ferini-Strambi, Luigi Nobili, Lino Plazzi, Giuseppe De Gennaro, Luigi Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title | Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title_full | Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title_fullStr | Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title_full_unstemmed | Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title_short | Pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy |
title_sort | pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality during the covid-19 lockdown in italy |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8577578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34731828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.006 |
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