Cargando…
Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro
Since a portion of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) do not benefit much from current standard treatments, it is still needed to discover new therapeutic drugs to improve the prognosis of the patients. Considering that Chinese traditional medicine plays a role in inhibiting tumor progress...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8577896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34765012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9925684 |
_version_ | 1784596156983017472 |
---|---|
author | Yang, Ching-Huey Tung, Kuo-Lung Wu, Yen-Ting Liu, Cheng Lin, Sheng-Chieh Yang, Chun-Chuan Wu, Chin-Han Chang, Hong-Yi Wu, Shih-Yi Huang, Bu-Miin Lan, Yu-Yan |
author_facet | Yang, Ching-Huey Tung, Kuo-Lung Wu, Yen-Ting Liu, Cheng Lin, Sheng-Chieh Yang, Chun-Chuan Wu, Chin-Han Chang, Hong-Yi Wu, Shih-Yi Huang, Bu-Miin Lan, Yu-Yan |
author_sort | Yang, Ching-Huey |
collection | PubMed |
description | Since a portion of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) do not benefit much from current standard treatments, it is still needed to discover new therapeutic drugs to improve the prognosis of the patients. Considering that Chinese traditional medicine plays a role in inhibiting tumor progression, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether a Chinese herbal formula, Qing Yan Li Ge Tang (QYLGT), has the anticancer activity in NPC cells and explore the underlying mechanism as well. MTT assay, colony formation assay, immunoblotting assay, and DNA laddering assay were performed to assess cell viability, cell colony formation, protein expression, and DNA fragmentation, respectively. Results show that QYLGT was able to inhibit the cell viability and decrease colony formation ability in NPC cells. QYLGT could also increase the formation of intracellular vacuoles and induce the autophagy-related protein expressions, including Atg3, Atg6, and Atg12-Atg5 conjugate in NPC cells. Treatment with an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, could significantly recover QYLGT-inhibited cell viability of NPC cells. In addition, QYLGT did not significantly induce apoptosis in NPC cells. We also found that QYLGT had the ability to activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Treatment with PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, or mTOR inhibitors, rapamycin and Torin 1, could not only recover QYLGT-inhibited cell viability of NPC cells but also inhibit Atg3 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that QYLGT could induce autophagic cell death in NPC cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8577896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85778962021-11-10 Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro Yang, Ching-Huey Tung, Kuo-Lung Wu, Yen-Ting Liu, Cheng Lin, Sheng-Chieh Yang, Chun-Chuan Wu, Chin-Han Chang, Hong-Yi Wu, Shih-Yi Huang, Bu-Miin Lan, Yu-Yan Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Research Article Since a portion of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) do not benefit much from current standard treatments, it is still needed to discover new therapeutic drugs to improve the prognosis of the patients. Considering that Chinese traditional medicine plays a role in inhibiting tumor progression, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether a Chinese herbal formula, Qing Yan Li Ge Tang (QYLGT), has the anticancer activity in NPC cells and explore the underlying mechanism as well. MTT assay, colony formation assay, immunoblotting assay, and DNA laddering assay were performed to assess cell viability, cell colony formation, protein expression, and DNA fragmentation, respectively. Results show that QYLGT was able to inhibit the cell viability and decrease colony formation ability in NPC cells. QYLGT could also increase the formation of intracellular vacuoles and induce the autophagy-related protein expressions, including Atg3, Atg6, and Atg12-Atg5 conjugate in NPC cells. Treatment with an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, could significantly recover QYLGT-inhibited cell viability of NPC cells. In addition, QYLGT did not significantly induce apoptosis in NPC cells. We also found that QYLGT had the ability to activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Treatment with PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, or mTOR inhibitors, rapamycin and Torin 1, could not only recover QYLGT-inhibited cell viability of NPC cells but also inhibit Atg3 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that QYLGT could induce autophagic cell death in NPC cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Hindawi 2021-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8577896/ /pubmed/34765012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9925684 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ching-Huey Yang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Yang, Ching-Huey Tung, Kuo-Lung Wu, Yen-Ting Liu, Cheng Lin, Sheng-Chieh Yang, Chun-Chuan Wu, Chin-Han Chang, Hong-Yi Wu, Shih-Yi Huang, Bu-Miin Lan, Yu-Yan Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title | Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title_full | Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title_fullStr | Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title_full_unstemmed | Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title_short | Qing Yan Li Ge Tang, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Induces Autophagic Cell Death through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells In Vitro |
title_sort | qing yan li ge tang, a chinese herbal formula, induces autophagic cell death through the pi3k/akt/mtor pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8577896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34765012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9925684 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT yangchinghuey qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT tungkuolung qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT wuyenting qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT liucheng qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT linshengchieh qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT yangchunchuan qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT wuchinhan qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT changhongyi qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT wushihyi qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT huangbumiin qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro AT lanyuyan qingyanligetangachineseherbalformulainducesautophagiccelldeaththroughthepi3kaktmtorpathwayinnasopharyngealcarcinomacellsinvitro |