Low back pain prevalence, beliefs and treatment-seeking behaviour in multi-ethnic Suriname

OBJECTIVES: The aims were to determine, for the first time, the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) in urban and rural communities and to assess back beliefs and treatment-seeking behaviour in Suriname, a multi-ethnic country in the Caribbean community. METHODS: A cross-sectional community-based survey using the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases methodology was performed between April 2016 and July 2017. Information was collected on LBP prevalence and LBP-related treatment seeking, beliefs about LBP [Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ)], level of disability (Oswestry Disability Index) and the risk of developing persistent disabling pain (Start Back Screening Tool). RESULTS: A total of 541 out of 2902 individuals reported current acute or chronic LBP. It was more prevalent in urban (20.2%) than in rural (13.7%) communities, especially in females and older adults (>55 years of age). Individuals from rural areas [median BBQ = 18.00 (14.00–22.00)] had significantly more negative beliefs than the urban population [median BBQ = 25.00 (19.00–31.00); P < 0.001]. Maroons displayed more negative beliefs than Creole (P = 0.040), Hindustani (P < 0.001), Javanese (P < 0.001) and mixed ethnicity (P < 0.001) groups. At least 75% of the LBP population sought care, especially from a western health-care practitioner. Seeking treatment and having a higher risk of developing persistent disabling pain was significantly associated with more disability (P < 0.001). Age ≥45 years (P < 0.001), Indigenous ethnicity (P < 0.05) and functional disability (P < 0.001) were factors influencing treatment seeking. CONCLUSION: Low back pain is a prevalent health problem in the Surinamese urban community, especially in older adults and among females. Most individuals experiencing LBP visited a western health-care practitioner and had more negative beliefs compared with other communities.