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A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil
BACKGROUND: Trans women have been shown to experience disproportionately poor outcomes in physical and mental health. Although it is common to talk about the violence against trans people, little is still known about mental health outcomes and experiences of suicidality among trans women, particular...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8579408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34758758 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03557-9 |
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author | Reis, Arianne Sperandei, Sandro de Carvalho, Paula Galdino Cardin Pinheiro, Thiago Félix de Moura, Ferdinando Diniz Gomez, José Luis Porchat, Patrícia Bastos, Francisco Inácio McFarland, Willi Wilson, Erin C. Veras, Maria Amélia |
author_facet | Reis, Arianne Sperandei, Sandro de Carvalho, Paula Galdino Cardin Pinheiro, Thiago Félix de Moura, Ferdinando Diniz Gomez, José Luis Porchat, Patrícia Bastos, Francisco Inácio McFarland, Willi Wilson, Erin C. Veras, Maria Amélia |
author_sort | Reis, Arianne |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Trans women have been shown to experience disproportionately poor outcomes in physical and mental health. Although it is common to talk about the violence against trans people, little is still known about mental health outcomes and experiences of suicidality among trans women, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to investigate risk factors and associations with mental health, suicide ideation and suicide attempts among trans women in the largest metropolitan area in Brazil. METHODS: Trans women living in São Paulo were recruited between May 2017 and July 2019 using the long-chain peer referral method Respondent-Driven Sampling. Multivariate regression models were used to investigate the associations with K10 score classification (logistic) and suicidal ideation/suicide attempt (ordinal logistic). RESULTS: A total of 763 trans women were included in the study. Over one quarter (26.5%) of trans women had been diagnosed with anxiety in the past, and close to one in five (19.1%) trans women had received a diagnosis of depression. More than two in five (41.9%) trans women had moderate to severe psychological distress. More than half of all participating trans women reported having previously either experienced suicidal ideation or attempted to take their own lives (25.0 and 31.2% respectively). In multivariate regression, moderate to severe psychological distress was associated with homelessness, income, current sex work, use of stimulant drugs, history of physical abuse, depression diagnosis and access to mental health treatment. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were associated with race/skin color, living arrangements, marital status, current sex work, history of sexual violence, depression and PTSD diagnoses, access to mental health treatment and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that there is a significant association between mental health conditions, lack of treatment for these conditions and suicidality among trans gender women. Findings point to the need for a structural transformation in Brazil that enables a reduction in the social inequality and violence that impact the mental health of trans women. A number of recommendations to achieve this are provided. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8579408 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85794082021-11-10 A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil Reis, Arianne Sperandei, Sandro de Carvalho, Paula Galdino Cardin Pinheiro, Thiago Félix de Moura, Ferdinando Diniz Gomez, José Luis Porchat, Patrícia Bastos, Francisco Inácio McFarland, Willi Wilson, Erin C. Veras, Maria Amélia BMC Psychiatry Research BACKGROUND: Trans women have been shown to experience disproportionately poor outcomes in physical and mental health. Although it is common to talk about the violence against trans people, little is still known about mental health outcomes and experiences of suicidality among trans women, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to investigate risk factors and associations with mental health, suicide ideation and suicide attempts among trans women in the largest metropolitan area in Brazil. METHODS: Trans women living in São Paulo were recruited between May 2017 and July 2019 using the long-chain peer referral method Respondent-Driven Sampling. Multivariate regression models were used to investigate the associations with K10 score classification (logistic) and suicidal ideation/suicide attempt (ordinal logistic). RESULTS: A total of 763 trans women were included in the study. Over one quarter (26.5%) of trans women had been diagnosed with anxiety in the past, and close to one in five (19.1%) trans women had received a diagnosis of depression. More than two in five (41.9%) trans women had moderate to severe psychological distress. More than half of all participating trans women reported having previously either experienced suicidal ideation or attempted to take their own lives (25.0 and 31.2% respectively). In multivariate regression, moderate to severe psychological distress was associated with homelessness, income, current sex work, use of stimulant drugs, history of physical abuse, depression diagnosis and access to mental health treatment. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were associated with race/skin color, living arrangements, marital status, current sex work, history of sexual violence, depression and PTSD diagnoses, access to mental health treatment and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that there is a significant association between mental health conditions, lack of treatment for these conditions and suicidality among trans gender women. Findings point to the need for a structural transformation in Brazil that enables a reduction in the social inequality and violence that impact the mental health of trans women. A number of recommendations to achieve this are provided. BioMed Central 2021-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8579408/ /pubmed/34758758 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03557-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Reis, Arianne Sperandei, Sandro de Carvalho, Paula Galdino Cardin Pinheiro, Thiago Félix de Moura, Ferdinando Diniz Gomez, José Luis Porchat, Patrícia Bastos, Francisco Inácio McFarland, Willi Wilson, Erin C. Veras, Maria Amélia A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title | A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title_full | A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title_fullStr | A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed | A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title_short | A cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in São Paulo, Brazil |
title_sort | cross-sectional study of mental health and suicidality among trans women in são paulo, brazil |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8579408/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34758758 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03557-9 |
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