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Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) public health policy has focused on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and its effects on human health while environmental factors have been largely ignored. In considering the epidemiological triad (agent-host-en...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Whioce Publishing Pte. Ltd.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778597 |
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author | Rubik, Beverly Brown, Robert R. |
author_facet | Rubik, Beverly Brown, Robert R. |
author_sort | Rubik, Beverly |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND AIM: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) public health policy has focused on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and its effects on human health while environmental factors have been largely ignored. In considering the epidemiological triad (agent-host-environment) applicable to all disease, we investigated a possible environmental factor in the COVID-19 pandemic: ambient radiofrequency radiation from wireless communication systems including microwaves and millimeter waves. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic, surfaced in Wuhan, China shortly after the implementation of city-wide (fifth generation [5G] of wireless communications radiation [WCR]), and rapidly spread globally, initially demonstrating a statistical correlation to international communities with recently established 5G networks. In this study, we examined the peer-reviewed scientific literature on the detrimental bioeffects of WCR and identified several mechanisms by which WCR may have contributed to the COVID-19 pandemic as a toxic environmental cofactor. By crossing boundaries between the disciplines of biophysics and pathophysiology, we present evidence that WCR may: (1) cause morphologic changes in erythrocytes including echinocyte and rouleaux formation that can contribute to hypercoagulation; (2) impair microcirculation and reduce erythrocyte and hemoglobin levels exacerbating hypoxia; (3) amplify immune system dysfunction, including immunosuppression, autoimmunity, and hyperinflammation; (4) increase cellular oxidative stress and the production of free radicals resulting in vascular injury and organ damage; (5) increase intracellular Ca(2+) essential for viral entry, replication, and release, in addition to promoting pro-inflammatory pathways; and (6) worsen heart arrhythmias and cardiac disorders. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS: In short, WCR has become a ubiquitous environmental stressor that we propose may have contributed to adverse health outcomes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and increased the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we recommend that all people, particularly those suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection, reduce their exposure to WCR as much as reasonably achievable until further research better clarifies the systemic health effects associated with chronic WCR exposure. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8580522 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Whioce Publishing Pte. Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85805222021-11-12 Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G Rubik, Beverly Brown, Robert R. J Clin Transl Res Review Article BACKGROUND AND AIM: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) public health policy has focused on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and its effects on human health while environmental factors have been largely ignored. In considering the epidemiological triad (agent-host-environment) applicable to all disease, we investigated a possible environmental factor in the COVID-19 pandemic: ambient radiofrequency radiation from wireless communication systems including microwaves and millimeter waves. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic, surfaced in Wuhan, China shortly after the implementation of city-wide (fifth generation [5G] of wireless communications radiation [WCR]), and rapidly spread globally, initially demonstrating a statistical correlation to international communities with recently established 5G networks. In this study, we examined the peer-reviewed scientific literature on the detrimental bioeffects of WCR and identified several mechanisms by which WCR may have contributed to the COVID-19 pandemic as a toxic environmental cofactor. By crossing boundaries between the disciplines of biophysics and pathophysiology, we present evidence that WCR may: (1) cause morphologic changes in erythrocytes including echinocyte and rouleaux formation that can contribute to hypercoagulation; (2) impair microcirculation and reduce erythrocyte and hemoglobin levels exacerbating hypoxia; (3) amplify immune system dysfunction, including immunosuppression, autoimmunity, and hyperinflammation; (4) increase cellular oxidative stress and the production of free radicals resulting in vascular injury and organ damage; (5) increase intracellular Ca(2+) essential for viral entry, replication, and release, in addition to promoting pro-inflammatory pathways; and (6) worsen heart arrhythmias and cardiac disorders. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS: In short, WCR has become a ubiquitous environmental stressor that we propose may have contributed to adverse health outcomes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and increased the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we recommend that all people, particularly those suffering from SARS-CoV-2 infection, reduce their exposure to WCR as much as reasonably achievable until further research better clarifies the systemic health effects associated with chronic WCR exposure. Whioce Publishing Pte. Ltd. 2021-09-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8580522/ /pubmed/34778597 Text en Copyright: © Whioce Publishing Pte. Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Rubik, Beverly Brown, Robert R. Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title | Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title_full | Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title_fullStr | Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title_full_unstemmed | Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title_short | Evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5G |
title_sort | evidence for a connection between coronavirus disease-19 and exposure to radiofrequency radiation from wireless communications including 5g |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580522/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778597 |
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