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Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas
Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have repeatedly altered the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Delta variants are now the focus of intense international attention because they are causing widespread COVID-19 globally and are a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society for Investigative Pathology
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34774517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.019 |
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author | Christensen, Paul A. Olsen, Randall J. Long, S. Wesley Subedi, Sishir Davis, James J. Hodjat, Parsa Walley, Debbie R. Kinskey, Jacob C. Ojeda Saavedra, Matthew Pruitt, Layne Reppond, Kristina Shyer, Madison N. Cambric, Jessica Gadd, Ryan Thakur, Rashi M. Batajoo, Akanksha Mangham, Regan Pena, Sindy Trinh, Trina Yerramilli, Prasanti Nguyen, Marcus Olson, Robert Snehal, Richard Gollihar, Jimmy Musser, James M. |
author_facet | Christensen, Paul A. Olsen, Randall J. Long, S. Wesley Subedi, Sishir Davis, James J. Hodjat, Parsa Walley, Debbie R. Kinskey, Jacob C. Ojeda Saavedra, Matthew Pruitt, Layne Reppond, Kristina Shyer, Madison N. Cambric, Jessica Gadd, Ryan Thakur, Rashi M. Batajoo, Akanksha Mangham, Regan Pena, Sindy Trinh, Trina Yerramilli, Prasanti Nguyen, Marcus Olson, Robert Snehal, Richard Gollihar, Jimmy Musser, James M. |
author_sort | Christensen, Paul A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have repeatedly altered the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Delta variants are now the focus of intense international attention because they are causing widespread COVID-19 globally and are associated with vaccine breakthrough cases. We sequenced 16,965 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples acquired March 15, 2021, through September 20, 2021, in the Houston Methodist hospital system. This sample represents 91% of all Methodist system COVID-19 patients during the study period. Delta variants increased rapidly from late April onward to cause 99.9% of all COVID-19 cases and spread throughout the Houston metroplex. Compared with all other variants combined, Delta caused a significantly higher rate of vaccine breakthrough cases (23.7% for Delta compared with 6.6% for all other variants combined). Importantly, significantly fewer fully vaccinated individuals required hospitalization. Vaccine breakthrough cases caused by Delta had a low median PCR cycle threshold value (a proxy for high virus load). This value was similar to the median cycle threshold value for unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 caused by Delta variants, suggesting that fully vaccinated individuals can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to others. Patients infected with Alpha and Delta variants had several significant differences. The integrated analysis indicates that vaccines used in the United States are highly effective in decreasing severe COVID-19, hospitalizations, and deaths. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8580569 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Society for Investigative Pathology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85805692021-11-12 Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas Christensen, Paul A. Olsen, Randall J. Long, S. Wesley Subedi, Sishir Davis, James J. Hodjat, Parsa Walley, Debbie R. Kinskey, Jacob C. Ojeda Saavedra, Matthew Pruitt, Layne Reppond, Kristina Shyer, Madison N. Cambric, Jessica Gadd, Ryan Thakur, Rashi M. Batajoo, Akanksha Mangham, Regan Pena, Sindy Trinh, Trina Yerramilli, Prasanti Nguyen, Marcus Olson, Robert Snehal, Richard Gollihar, Jimmy Musser, James M. Am J Pathol Regular Article Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have repeatedly altered the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Delta variants are now the focus of intense international attention because they are causing widespread COVID-19 globally and are associated with vaccine breakthrough cases. We sequenced 16,965 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples acquired March 15, 2021, through September 20, 2021, in the Houston Methodist hospital system. This sample represents 91% of all Methodist system COVID-19 patients during the study period. Delta variants increased rapidly from late April onward to cause 99.9% of all COVID-19 cases and spread throughout the Houston metroplex. Compared with all other variants combined, Delta caused a significantly higher rate of vaccine breakthrough cases (23.7% for Delta compared with 6.6% for all other variants combined). Importantly, significantly fewer fully vaccinated individuals required hospitalization. Vaccine breakthrough cases caused by Delta had a low median PCR cycle threshold value (a proxy for high virus load). This value was similar to the median cycle threshold value for unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 caused by Delta variants, suggesting that fully vaccinated individuals can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to others. Patients infected with Alpha and Delta variants had several significant differences. The integrated analysis indicates that vaccines used in the United States are highly effective in decreasing severe COVID-19, hospitalizations, and deaths. American Society for Investigative Pathology 2022-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8580569/ /pubmed/34774517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.019 Text en © 2022 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
spellingShingle | Regular Article Christensen, Paul A. Olsen, Randall J. Long, S. Wesley Subedi, Sishir Davis, James J. Hodjat, Parsa Walley, Debbie R. Kinskey, Jacob C. Ojeda Saavedra, Matthew Pruitt, Layne Reppond, Kristina Shyer, Madison N. Cambric, Jessica Gadd, Ryan Thakur, Rashi M. Batajoo, Akanksha Mangham, Regan Pena, Sindy Trinh, Trina Yerramilli, Prasanti Nguyen, Marcus Olson, Robert Snehal, Richard Gollihar, Jimmy Musser, James M. Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title | Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title_full | Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title_fullStr | Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title_full_unstemmed | Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title_short | Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas |
title_sort | delta variants of sars-cov-2 cause significantly increased vaccine breakthrough covid-19 cases in houston, texas |
topic | Regular Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34774517 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.019 |
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