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Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California

Background: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition assistance to half of infants born in the United States. The nationally representative WIC Infants and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (ITFPS-2) reported a caloric deficit at 7 months a...

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Autores principales: Anderson, Christopher E., Whaley, Shannon E., Crespi, Catherine M., Wang, May C., Chaparro, M. Pia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8581497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.723501
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author Anderson, Christopher E.
Whaley, Shannon E.
Crespi, Catherine M.
Wang, May C.
Chaparro, M. Pia
author_facet Anderson, Christopher E.
Whaley, Shannon E.
Crespi, Catherine M.
Wang, May C.
Chaparro, M. Pia
author_sort Anderson, Christopher E.
collection PubMed
description Background: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition assistance to half of infants born in the United States. The nationally representative WIC Infants and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (ITFPS-2) reported a caloric deficit at 7 months among infants receiving WIC mixed feeding packages, suggesting these infants may be at risk for growth deceleration/faltering. Methods: Longitudinal administrative data collected prospectively from WIC participants in Southern California between 2010 and 2019 were used (n = 16,255). Infant lengths and weights were used to calculate weight-for-length (WLZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and length-for-age (LAZ) z-scores at different time points. Growth deceleration/faltering was determined at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months by the change in z-score from the last measurement taken ≤ 6 months of age. Infant feeding was categorized by the food package (breastfeeding, mixed feeding, and formula feeding) infants received from WIC at 7 months. Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the association between WIC infant package at 7 months and deceleration/faltering at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. Results: The proportion of infants displaying decelerated/faltering growth was low for all infant food package groups. Receiving the WIC mixed feeding package at 7 months of age was not associated with WLZ, WAZ, and LAZ deceleration/faltering growth. Conclusions: Growth deceleration/faltering rates were very low among WIC participating children in Southern California, highlighting the critical role of nutrition assistance in supporting adequate growth in early childhood.
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spelling pubmed-85814972021-11-12 Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California Anderson, Christopher E. Whaley, Shannon E. Crespi, Catherine M. Wang, May C. Chaparro, M. Pia Front Nutr Nutrition Background: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition assistance to half of infants born in the United States. The nationally representative WIC Infants and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (ITFPS-2) reported a caloric deficit at 7 months among infants receiving WIC mixed feeding packages, suggesting these infants may be at risk for growth deceleration/faltering. Methods: Longitudinal administrative data collected prospectively from WIC participants in Southern California between 2010 and 2019 were used (n = 16,255). Infant lengths and weights were used to calculate weight-for-length (WLZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and length-for-age (LAZ) z-scores at different time points. Growth deceleration/faltering was determined at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months by the change in z-score from the last measurement taken ≤ 6 months of age. Infant feeding was categorized by the food package (breastfeeding, mixed feeding, and formula feeding) infants received from WIC at 7 months. Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the association between WIC infant package at 7 months and deceleration/faltering at 9, 12, 18, and 24 months. Results: The proportion of infants displaying decelerated/faltering growth was low for all infant food package groups. Receiving the WIC mixed feeding package at 7 months of age was not associated with WLZ, WAZ, and LAZ deceleration/faltering growth. Conclusions: Growth deceleration/faltering rates were very low among WIC participating children in Southern California, highlighting the critical role of nutrition assistance in supporting adequate growth in early childhood. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8581497/ /pubmed/34778333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.723501 Text en Copyright © 2021 Anderson, Whaley, Crespi, Wang and Chaparro. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Anderson, Christopher E.
Whaley, Shannon E.
Crespi, Catherine M.
Wang, May C.
Chaparro, M. Pia
Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title_full Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title_fullStr Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title_full_unstemmed Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title_short Mixed Infant Feeding Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Decelerated Growth Among WIC-Participating Children in Southern California
title_sort mixed infant feeding is not associated with increased risk of decelerated growth among wic-participating children in southern california
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8581497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.723501
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