Papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder diagnosed as gallbladder cancer before surgery: A case report

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Gallbladder cancer has a poor prognosis. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is required, for which various tests are performed. However, in some cases, it is difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant diseases before surgery. Papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder is known for its secondary changes. Papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder, which is known for its secondary changes, is a benign disease. We encountered papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder with morphological changes over the course of 1 year. In addition, the tumor was suggested to be malignant during various examinations. We present a case of papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder showing an increasing tendency and findings indicative of malignancy on imaging. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 70-year-old man underwent routine abdominal ultrasonography every year. We observed that the gallbladder wall was thickened. The tumor size was 24 mm. FDG-PET and other examinations indicated malignancy requiring surgery. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Accurate diagnosis of gallbladder tumor is difficult only by diagnostic imaging. There are problems with preoperative cytology and histology. FS can be an important test to avoid extended surgery. CONCLUSION: We report a rare case of papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder, which was difficult to diagnose. Even when morphological changes and imaging findings suggest malignancy, similar findings could appear in papillary hyperplasia of the gallbladder owing to chronic inflammation.