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Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland

Maryland’s growing chicken industry, including concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and meat processing plants, raises a number of concerns regarding public health and environmental justice. Using hot spot analysis, we analyzed the totality of Maryland’s CAFOs and meat processing plants an...

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Autores principales: Hall, Jonathan, Galarraga, Joseph, Berman, Isabelle, Edwards, Camryn, Khanjar, Niya, Kavi, Lucy, Murray, Rianna, Burwell-Naney, Kristen, Jiang, Chengsheng, Wilson, Sacoby
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8582720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111039
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author Hall, Jonathan
Galarraga, Joseph
Berman, Isabelle
Edwards, Camryn
Khanjar, Niya
Kavi, Lucy
Murray, Rianna
Burwell-Naney, Kristen
Jiang, Chengsheng
Wilson, Sacoby
author_facet Hall, Jonathan
Galarraga, Joseph
Berman, Isabelle
Edwards, Camryn
Khanjar, Niya
Kavi, Lucy
Murray, Rianna
Burwell-Naney, Kristen
Jiang, Chengsheng
Wilson, Sacoby
author_sort Hall, Jonathan
collection PubMed
description Maryland’s growing chicken industry, including concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and meat processing plants, raises a number of concerns regarding public health and environmental justice. Using hot spot analysis, we analyzed the totality of Maryland’s CAFOs and meat processing plants and those restricted to the Eastern Shore to assess whether communities of color and/or low socioeconomic status communities disproportionately hosted these types of facilities at the census tract level. We used zero-inflated regression modeling to determine the strength of the associations between environmental justice variables and the location of CAFOs and meatpacking facilities at the State level and on the Eastern Shore. Hot spot analyses demonstrated that CAFO hot spots on the Eastern Shore were located in counties with some of the lowest wealth in the State, including the lowest ranking county—Somerset. Zero-inflated regression models demonstrated that increases in median household income across the state were associated with a 0.04-unit reduction in CAFOs. For every unit increase in the percentage of people of color (POC), there was a 0.02-unit increase in meat processing facilities across the state. The distribution of CAFOs and meat processing plants across Maryland may contribute to poor health outcomes in areas affected by such production, and contribute to health disparities and health inequity.
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spelling pubmed-85827202021-11-12 Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland Hall, Jonathan Galarraga, Joseph Berman, Isabelle Edwards, Camryn Khanjar, Niya Kavi, Lucy Murray, Rianna Burwell-Naney, Kristen Jiang, Chengsheng Wilson, Sacoby Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Maryland’s growing chicken industry, including concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and meat processing plants, raises a number of concerns regarding public health and environmental justice. Using hot spot analysis, we analyzed the totality of Maryland’s CAFOs and meat processing plants and those restricted to the Eastern Shore to assess whether communities of color and/or low socioeconomic status communities disproportionately hosted these types of facilities at the census tract level. We used zero-inflated regression modeling to determine the strength of the associations between environmental justice variables and the location of CAFOs and meatpacking facilities at the State level and on the Eastern Shore. Hot spot analyses demonstrated that CAFO hot spots on the Eastern Shore were located in counties with some of the lowest wealth in the State, including the lowest ranking county—Somerset. Zero-inflated regression models demonstrated that increases in median household income across the state were associated with a 0.04-unit reduction in CAFOs. For every unit increase in the percentage of people of color (POC), there was a 0.02-unit increase in meat processing facilities across the state. The distribution of CAFOs and meat processing plants across Maryland may contribute to poor health outcomes in areas affected by such production, and contribute to health disparities and health inequity. MDPI 2021-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8582720/ /pubmed/34769558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111039 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hall, Jonathan
Galarraga, Joseph
Berman, Isabelle
Edwards, Camryn
Khanjar, Niya
Kavi, Lucy
Murray, Rianna
Burwell-Naney, Kristen
Jiang, Chengsheng
Wilson, Sacoby
Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title_full Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title_fullStr Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title_full_unstemmed Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title_short Environmental Injustice and Industrial Chicken Farming in Maryland
title_sort environmental injustice and industrial chicken farming in maryland
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8582720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111039
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