Cargando…

A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties

Objective: The purposes of this paper were to (a) develop a new short, theory-driven, version of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES-S) using content analysis; and (b) subsequently to measure the psychometric properties (construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chen, Cheng, Weyland, Susanne, Fritsch, Julian, Woll, Alexander, Niessner, Claudia, Burchartz, Alexander, Schmidt, Steffen C. E., Jekauc, Darko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8582913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769552
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111035
_version_ 1784597095122993152
author Chen, Cheng
Weyland, Susanne
Fritsch, Julian
Woll, Alexander
Niessner, Claudia
Burchartz, Alexander
Schmidt, Steffen C. E.
Jekauc, Darko
author_facet Chen, Cheng
Weyland, Susanne
Fritsch, Julian
Woll, Alexander
Niessner, Claudia
Burchartz, Alexander
Schmidt, Steffen C. E.
Jekauc, Darko
author_sort Chen, Cheng
collection PubMed
description Objective: The purposes of this paper were to (a) develop a new short, theory-driven, version of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES-S) using content analysis; and (b) subsequently to measure the psychometric properties (construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and concurrent validity) of the PACES-S for adolescents. Methods: Six experts used a four-point Likert scale to assess the content validity of each of the 16 items of the physical activity enjoyment scale according to a provided definition of physical activity enjoyment. Based on the results, exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze survey data from a longitudinal study of 182 individuals (Measure 1 of Study 1: 15.75 ± 3.39 yrs; 56.6% boys, 43.4% girls), and confirmatory factor analysis (Measure 2 of Study 1: 15.69 ± 3.44 yrs; 56.3% boys, 43.7% girls) was used to analyze the survey data from a cross-sectional study of 3219 individuals (Study 2; 15.99 ± 3.10 yrs; 47.8% boys, 52.2% girls) to assess the construct validity of the new measure. To assess the reliability, test–retest reliability was assessed in Study 1 and internal consistency in Study 1 and 2. For the concurrent validity, correlations with self-reported and device-based physical activity behavior were assessed in both studies. Results: Four out of sixteen items were selected for PACES-S. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses identified and supported its factorial validity (χ(2) = 53.62, df = 2, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.073; CFI = 0.99; RFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.96; IFI = 0.99). Results showed good test–retest reliability (r = 0.76) and internal consistency (a = 0.82 to 0.88). Regarding concurrent validity, the results showed positive correlations with a physical activity questionnaire (Study 1: r = 0.36), with a physical activity diary (Study 1: r = 0.44), and with accelerometer-recorded data (Study 1: r = 0.32; Study 2: r = 0.21). Conclusions: The results indicate that PACES-S is a reliable and valid instrument that may be particularly useful to measure physical activity enjoyment in large-scale studies. It shows comparable measurement properties as the long version of PACES.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8582913
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85829132021-11-12 A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties Chen, Cheng Weyland, Susanne Fritsch, Julian Woll, Alexander Niessner, Claudia Burchartz, Alexander Schmidt, Steffen C. E. Jekauc, Darko Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objective: The purposes of this paper were to (a) develop a new short, theory-driven, version of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES-S) using content analysis; and (b) subsequently to measure the psychometric properties (construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and concurrent validity) of the PACES-S for adolescents. Methods: Six experts used a four-point Likert scale to assess the content validity of each of the 16 items of the physical activity enjoyment scale according to a provided definition of physical activity enjoyment. Based on the results, exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze survey data from a longitudinal study of 182 individuals (Measure 1 of Study 1: 15.75 ± 3.39 yrs; 56.6% boys, 43.4% girls), and confirmatory factor analysis (Measure 2 of Study 1: 15.69 ± 3.44 yrs; 56.3% boys, 43.7% girls) was used to analyze the survey data from a cross-sectional study of 3219 individuals (Study 2; 15.99 ± 3.10 yrs; 47.8% boys, 52.2% girls) to assess the construct validity of the new measure. To assess the reliability, test–retest reliability was assessed in Study 1 and internal consistency in Study 1 and 2. For the concurrent validity, correlations with self-reported and device-based physical activity behavior were assessed in both studies. Results: Four out of sixteen items were selected for PACES-S. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analyses identified and supported its factorial validity (χ(2) = 53.62, df = 2, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.073; CFI = 0.99; RFI = 0.96; NFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.96; IFI = 0.99). Results showed good test–retest reliability (r = 0.76) and internal consistency (a = 0.82 to 0.88). Regarding concurrent validity, the results showed positive correlations with a physical activity questionnaire (Study 1: r = 0.36), with a physical activity diary (Study 1: r = 0.44), and with accelerometer-recorded data (Study 1: r = 0.32; Study 2: r = 0.21). Conclusions: The results indicate that PACES-S is a reliable and valid instrument that may be particularly useful to measure physical activity enjoyment in large-scale studies. It shows comparable measurement properties as the long version of PACES. MDPI 2021-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8582913/ /pubmed/34769552 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111035 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chen, Cheng
Weyland, Susanne
Fritsch, Julian
Woll, Alexander
Niessner, Claudia
Burchartz, Alexander
Schmidt, Steffen C. E.
Jekauc, Darko
A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title_full A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title_fullStr A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title_full_unstemmed A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title_short A Short Version of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale: Development and Psychometric Properties
title_sort short version of the physical activity enjoyment scale: development and psychometric properties
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8582913/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769552
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111035
work_keys_str_mv AT chencheng ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT weylandsusanne ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT fritschjulian ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT wollalexander ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT niessnerclaudia ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT burchartzalexander ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT schmidtsteffence ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT jekaucdarko ashortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT chencheng shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT weylandsusanne shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT fritschjulian shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT wollalexander shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT niessnerclaudia shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT burchartzalexander shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT schmidtsteffence shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties
AT jekaucdarko shortversionofthephysicalactivityenjoymentscaledevelopmentandpsychometricproperties