Cargando…
The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34747331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781 |
_version_ | 1784597116026355712 |
---|---|
author | Shen, Ting-Chin David Daniel, Scott G. Patel, Shivali Kaplan, Emily Phung, Lillian Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin Chau, Lillian Herman, Lindsay Trisolini, Calvin Stonelake, Aimee Toal, Emily Khungar, Vandana Bittinger, Kyle Reddy, K. Rajender Wu, Gary D. |
author_facet | Shen, Ting-Chin David Daniel, Scott G. Patel, Shivali Kaplan, Emily Phung, Lillian Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin Chau, Lillian Herman, Lindsay Trisolini, Calvin Stonelake, Aimee Toal, Emily Khungar, Vandana Bittinger, Kyle Reddy, K. Rajender Wu, Gary D. |
author_sort | Shen, Ting-Chin David |
collection | PubMed |
description | Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8583005 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85830052021-11-12 The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis Shen, Ting-Chin David Daniel, Scott G. Patel, Shivali Kaplan, Emily Phung, Lillian Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin Chau, Lillian Herman, Lindsay Trisolini, Calvin Stonelake, Aimee Toal, Emily Khungar, Vandana Bittinger, Kyle Reddy, K. Rajender Wu, Gary D. Gut Microbes Research Paper Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota. Taylor & Francis 2021-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8583005/ /pubmed/34747331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Shen, Ting-Chin David Daniel, Scott G. Patel, Shivali Kaplan, Emily Phung, Lillian Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin Chau, Lillian Herman, Lindsay Trisolini, Calvin Stonelake, Aimee Toal, Emily Khungar, Vandana Bittinger, Kyle Reddy, K. Rajender Wu, Gary D. The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title | The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title_full | The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title_fullStr | The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title_short | The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis |
title_sort | mucosally-adherent rectal microbiota contains features unique to alcohol-related cirrhosis |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34747331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shentingchindavid themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT danielscottg themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT patelshivali themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT kaplanemily themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT phunglillian themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT lemellethomaskaylin themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT chaulillian themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT hermanlindsay themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT trisolinicalvin themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT stonelakeaimee themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT toalemily themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT khungarvandana themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT bittingerkyle themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT reddykrajender themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT wugaryd themucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT shentingchindavid mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT danielscottg mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT patelshivali mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT kaplanemily mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT phunglillian mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT lemellethomaskaylin mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT chaulillian mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT hermanlindsay mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT trisolinicalvin mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT stonelakeaimee mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT toalemily mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT khungarvandana mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT bittingerkyle mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT reddykrajender mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis AT wugaryd mucosallyadherentrectalmicrobiotacontainsfeaturesuniquetoalcoholrelatedcirrhosis |