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The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis

Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, c...

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Autores principales: Shen, Ting-Chin David, Daniel, Scott G., Patel, Shivali, Kaplan, Emily, Phung, Lillian, Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin, Chau, Lillian, Herman, Lindsay, Trisolini, Calvin, Stonelake, Aimee, Toal, Emily, Khungar, Vandana, Bittinger, Kyle, Reddy, K. Rajender, Wu, Gary D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34747331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781
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author Shen, Ting-Chin David
Daniel, Scott G.
Patel, Shivali
Kaplan, Emily
Phung, Lillian
Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin
Chau, Lillian
Herman, Lindsay
Trisolini, Calvin
Stonelake, Aimee
Toal, Emily
Khungar, Vandana
Bittinger, Kyle
Reddy, K. Rajender
Wu, Gary D.
author_facet Shen, Ting-Chin David
Daniel, Scott G.
Patel, Shivali
Kaplan, Emily
Phung, Lillian
Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin
Chau, Lillian
Herman, Lindsay
Trisolini, Calvin
Stonelake, Aimee
Toal, Emily
Khungar, Vandana
Bittinger, Kyle
Reddy, K. Rajender
Wu, Gary D.
author_sort Shen, Ting-Chin David
collection PubMed
description Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota.
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spelling pubmed-85830052021-11-12 The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis Shen, Ting-Chin David Daniel, Scott G. Patel, Shivali Kaplan, Emily Phung, Lillian Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin Chau, Lillian Herman, Lindsay Trisolini, Calvin Stonelake, Aimee Toal, Emily Khungar, Vandana Bittinger, Kyle Reddy, K. Rajender Wu, Gary D. Gut Microbes Research Paper Most studies examining correlations between the gut microbiota and disease states focus on fecal samples due to ease of collection, yet there are distinct differences when compared to samples collected from the colonic mucosa. Although fecal microbiota has been reported to be altered in cirrhosis, correlation with mucosal microbiota characterized via rectal swab has not been previously described in this patient population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using 39 stool and 39 rectal swabs from adult patients with cirrhosis of different etiologies and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Bacterial growth studies were performed with Escherichia coli. Two asaccharolytic bacterial taxa, Finegoldia magna and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, were increased in rectal swabs relative to stool (FDR < 0.01). Genomic analysis of the microbiome revealed 58 genes and 16 pathways that differed between stool and rectal swabs (FDR < 0.05), where rectal swabs were enriched for pathways associated with protein synthesis and cellular proliferation but decreased in carbohydrate metabolism. Although no features in the fecal microbiome differentiated cirrhosis etiologies, the mucosal microbiome revealed decreased abundances of E. coli and Enterobacteriaceae in alcohol-related cirrhosis relative to non-alcohol related cirrhosis (FDR < 0.05). In vitro bacterial culture studies showed that physiological concentrations of ethanol and its oxidative metabolites inhibited E. coli growth in a pH- and concentration-dependent manner. Characterization of the mucosally associated gut microbiome via rectal swab revealed findings consistent with amino acid/nitrogen abundance versus carbohydrate limitation in the mucosal microenvironment as well as unique features of alcohol-related cirrhosis possibly consistent with the influence of host-derived metabolites on the composition of mucosally adherent microbiota. Taylor & Francis 2021-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8583005/ /pubmed/34747331 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Shen, Ting-Chin David
Daniel, Scott G.
Patel, Shivali
Kaplan, Emily
Phung, Lillian
Lemelle-Thomas, Kaylin
Chau, Lillian
Herman, Lindsay
Trisolini, Calvin
Stonelake, Aimee
Toal, Emily
Khungar, Vandana
Bittinger, Kyle
Reddy, K. Rajender
Wu, Gary D.
The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title_full The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title_fullStr The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title_full_unstemmed The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title_short The Mucosally-Adherent Rectal Microbiota Contains Features Unique to Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis
title_sort mucosally-adherent rectal microbiota contains features unique to alcohol-related cirrhosis
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583005/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34747331
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1987781
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