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Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan

The relationship between environmental factors and child health is not well understood in rural Pakistan. This study characterized the environmental factors related to the morbidity of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, and growth using geographical information systems (GIS) technology....

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Autores principales: Corden, Elise, Siddiqui, Saman Hasan, Sharma, Yash, Raghib, Muhammad Faraz, Adorno, William, Zulqarnain, Fatima, Ehsan, Lubaina, Shrivastava, Aman, Ahmed, Sheraz, Umrani, Fayaz, Rahman, Najeeb, Ali, Rafey, Iqbal, Najeeha T., Moore, Sean R., Ali, Syed Asad, Syed, Sana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111691
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author Corden, Elise
Siddiqui, Saman Hasan
Sharma, Yash
Raghib, Muhammad Faraz
Adorno, William
Zulqarnain, Fatima
Ehsan, Lubaina
Shrivastava, Aman
Ahmed, Sheraz
Umrani, Fayaz
Rahman, Najeeb
Ali, Rafey
Iqbal, Najeeha T.
Moore, Sean R.
Ali, Syed Asad
Syed, Sana
author_facet Corden, Elise
Siddiqui, Saman Hasan
Sharma, Yash
Raghib, Muhammad Faraz
Adorno, William
Zulqarnain, Fatima
Ehsan, Lubaina
Shrivastava, Aman
Ahmed, Sheraz
Umrani, Fayaz
Rahman, Najeeb
Ali, Rafey
Iqbal, Najeeha T.
Moore, Sean R.
Ali, Syed Asad
Syed, Sana
author_sort Corden, Elise
collection PubMed
description The relationship between environmental factors and child health is not well understood in rural Pakistan. This study characterized the environmental factors related to the morbidity of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, and growth using geographical information systems (GIS) technology. Anthropometric, address and disease prevalence data were collected through the SEEM (Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition) study in Matiari, Pakistan. Publicly available map data were used to compile coordinates of healthcare facilities. A Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to calculate the correlation between distance from healthcare facilities and participant growth and morbidity. Other continuous variables influencing these outcomes were analyzed using a random forest regression model. In this study of 416 children, we found that participants living closer to secondary hospitals had a lower prevalence of ARI (r = 0.154, p < 0.010) and diarrhea (r = 0.228, p < 0.001) as well as participants living closer to Maternal Health Centers (MHCs): ARI (r = 0.185, p < 0.002) and diarrhea (r = 0.223, p < 0.001) compared to those living near primary facilities. Our random forest model showed that distance has high variable importance in the context of disease prevalence. Our results indicated that participants closer to more basic healthcare facilities reported a higher prevalence of both diarrhea and ARI than those near more urban facilities, highlighting potential public policy gaps in ameliorating rural health.
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spelling pubmed-85834182021-11-12 Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan Corden, Elise Siddiqui, Saman Hasan Sharma, Yash Raghib, Muhammad Faraz Adorno, William Zulqarnain, Fatima Ehsan, Lubaina Shrivastava, Aman Ahmed, Sheraz Umrani, Fayaz Rahman, Najeeb Ali, Rafey Iqbal, Najeeha T. Moore, Sean R. Ali, Syed Asad Syed, Sana Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The relationship between environmental factors and child health is not well understood in rural Pakistan. This study characterized the environmental factors related to the morbidity of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), diarrhea, and growth using geographical information systems (GIS) technology. Anthropometric, address and disease prevalence data were collected through the SEEM (Study of Environmental Enteropathy and Malnutrition) study in Matiari, Pakistan. Publicly available map data were used to compile coordinates of healthcare facilities. A Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to calculate the correlation between distance from healthcare facilities and participant growth and morbidity. Other continuous variables influencing these outcomes were analyzed using a random forest regression model. In this study of 416 children, we found that participants living closer to secondary hospitals had a lower prevalence of ARI (r = 0.154, p < 0.010) and diarrhea (r = 0.228, p < 0.001) as well as participants living closer to Maternal Health Centers (MHCs): ARI (r = 0.185, p < 0.002) and diarrhea (r = 0.223, p < 0.001) compared to those living near primary facilities. Our random forest model showed that distance has high variable importance in the context of disease prevalence. Our results indicated that participants closer to more basic healthcare facilities reported a higher prevalence of both diarrhea and ARI than those near more urban facilities, highlighting potential public policy gaps in ameliorating rural health. MDPI 2021-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8583418/ /pubmed/34770204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111691 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Corden, Elise
Siddiqui, Saman Hasan
Sharma, Yash
Raghib, Muhammad Faraz
Adorno, William
Zulqarnain, Fatima
Ehsan, Lubaina
Shrivastava, Aman
Ahmed, Sheraz
Umrani, Fayaz
Rahman, Najeeb
Ali, Rafey
Iqbal, Najeeha T.
Moore, Sean R.
Ali, Syed Asad
Syed, Sana
Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title_full Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title_fullStr Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title_short Distance from Healthcare Facilities Is Associated with Increased Morbidity of Acute Infection in Pediatric Patients in Matiari, Pakistan
title_sort distance from healthcare facilities is associated with increased morbidity of acute infection in pediatric patients in matiari, pakistan
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8583418/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111691
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