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Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice
Myeloid cells play an essential role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, as well as the initiation and termination of innate and adaptive immune responses. In chronic hepatic inflammation, the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is pivotal for scarring and fibrosis induction a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8584252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111575 |
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author | Unrau, Ludmilla Endig, Jessica Goltz, Diane Sprezyna, Paulina Ulrich, Hanna Hagenstein, Julia Geers, Bernd Kaftan, Karina Heukamp, Lukas Carl Tiegs, Gisa Diehl, Linda |
author_facet | Unrau, Ludmilla Endig, Jessica Goltz, Diane Sprezyna, Paulina Ulrich, Hanna Hagenstein, Julia Geers, Bernd Kaftan, Karina Heukamp, Lukas Carl Tiegs, Gisa Diehl, Linda |
author_sort | Unrau, Ludmilla |
collection | PubMed |
description | Myeloid cells play an essential role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, as well as the initiation and termination of innate and adaptive immune responses. In chronic hepatic inflammation, the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is pivotal for scarring and fibrosis induction and progression. TGF-β signalling is tightly regulated via the Smad protein family. Smad7 acts as an inhibitor of the TGF-β-signalling pathway, rendering cells that express high levels of it resistant to TGF-β-dependent signal transduction. In hepatocytes, the absence of Smad7 promotes liver fibrosis. Here, we examine whether Smad7 expression in myeloid cells affects the extent of liver inflammation, injury and fibrosis induction during chronic liver inflammation. Using the well-established model of chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-mediated liver injury, we investigated the role of Smad7 in myeloid cells in LysM-Cre Smad(fl/fl) mice that harbour a myeloid-specific knock-down of Smad7. We found that the chronic application of CCl(4) induces severe liver injury, with elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT)/aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, centrilobular and periportal necrosis and immune-cell infiltration. However, the myeloid-specific knock-down of Smad7 did not influence these and other parameters in the CCl(4)-treated animals. In summary, our results suggest that, during long-term application of CCl(4), Smad7 expression in myeloid cells and its potential effects on the TGF-β-signalling pathway are dispensable for regulating the extent of chronic liver injury and inflammation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8584252 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85842522021-11-12 Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice Unrau, Ludmilla Endig, Jessica Goltz, Diane Sprezyna, Paulina Ulrich, Hanna Hagenstein, Julia Geers, Bernd Kaftan, Karina Heukamp, Lukas Carl Tiegs, Gisa Diehl, Linda Int J Mol Sci Article Myeloid cells play an essential role in the maintenance of liver homeostasis, as well as the initiation and termination of innate and adaptive immune responses. In chronic hepatic inflammation, the production of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is pivotal for scarring and fibrosis induction and progression. TGF-β signalling is tightly regulated via the Smad protein family. Smad7 acts as an inhibitor of the TGF-β-signalling pathway, rendering cells that express high levels of it resistant to TGF-β-dependent signal transduction. In hepatocytes, the absence of Smad7 promotes liver fibrosis. Here, we examine whether Smad7 expression in myeloid cells affects the extent of liver inflammation, injury and fibrosis induction during chronic liver inflammation. Using the well-established model of chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-mediated liver injury, we investigated the role of Smad7 in myeloid cells in LysM-Cre Smad(fl/fl) mice that harbour a myeloid-specific knock-down of Smad7. We found that the chronic application of CCl(4) induces severe liver injury, with elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT)/aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, centrilobular and periportal necrosis and immune-cell infiltration. However, the myeloid-specific knock-down of Smad7 did not influence these and other parameters in the CCl(4)-treated animals. In summary, our results suggest that, during long-term application of CCl(4), Smad7 expression in myeloid cells and its potential effects on the TGF-β-signalling pathway are dispensable for regulating the extent of chronic liver injury and inflammation. MDPI 2021-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8584252/ /pubmed/34769006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111575 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Unrau, Ludmilla Endig, Jessica Goltz, Diane Sprezyna, Paulina Ulrich, Hanna Hagenstein, Julia Geers, Bernd Kaftan, Karina Heukamp, Lukas Carl Tiegs, Gisa Diehl, Linda Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title | Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title_full | Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title_fullStr | Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed | Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title_short | Smad7 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Does Not Affect Liver Injury, Inflammation or Fibrosis after Chronic CCl(4) Exposure in Mice |
title_sort | smad7 deficiency in myeloid cells does not affect liver injury, inflammation or fibrosis after chronic ccl(4) exposure in mice |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8584252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111575 |
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