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Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing

Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posterior intestine. Under...

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Autores principales: Sun, Bing, Huang, Songqian, Huang, Longfei, Yang, Lijuan, Gao, Jian, Cao, Xiaojuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8584523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769365
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111928
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author Sun, Bing
Huang, Songqian
Huang, Longfei
Yang, Lijuan
Gao, Jian
Cao, Xiaojuan
author_facet Sun, Bing
Huang, Songqian
Huang, Longfei
Yang, Lijuan
Gao, Jian
Cao, Xiaojuan
author_sort Sun, Bing
collection PubMed
description Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posterior intestine. Under acute hypoxia, the distance of loach barbels became significantly shorter. Moreover, barbel removal significantly decreased air-breathing frequency of the loach. These findings imply that the barbel is another air-breathing organ of the loach. For further investigation of loach barbel air-breathing, a transcriptome analysis of barbels with air exposure treatment was performed. A total of 2546 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the T-XU (air exposure) and C-XU (control) group were identified, and 13 key DEGs related to barbel air-breathing were screened out. On this foundation, sequence, expression, and location analysis results indicated an important positive role of fibronectin 1b (fn1b) in loach barbel air-breathing. We further generated an fn1b-depletion loach (MT for short) using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. It was indicated that depletion of fn1b could weaker barbel air-breathing ability. In conclusion, due to nonlethal and regenerative characteristics, the loach barbel, a newly discovered and fn1b-related fish air-breathing organ, can be a good model for fish air-breathing research.
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spelling pubmed-85845232021-11-12 Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing Sun, Bing Huang, Songqian Huang, Longfei Yang, Lijuan Gao, Jian Cao, Xiaojuan Int J Mol Sci Article Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) is well known to perform air-breathing through the posterior intestine and skin. However, we find here for the first time a unique central vascular structure in the loach barbel, with a blood–gas diffusion distance as short as that of the posterior intestine. Under acute hypoxia, the distance of loach barbels became significantly shorter. Moreover, barbel removal significantly decreased air-breathing frequency of the loach. These findings imply that the barbel is another air-breathing organ of the loach. For further investigation of loach barbel air-breathing, a transcriptome analysis of barbels with air exposure treatment was performed. A total of 2546 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the T-XU (air exposure) and C-XU (control) group were identified, and 13 key DEGs related to barbel air-breathing were screened out. On this foundation, sequence, expression, and location analysis results indicated an important positive role of fibronectin 1b (fn1b) in loach barbel air-breathing. We further generated an fn1b-depletion loach (MT for short) using the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. It was indicated that depletion of fn1b could weaker barbel air-breathing ability. In conclusion, due to nonlethal and regenerative characteristics, the loach barbel, a newly discovered and fn1b-related fish air-breathing organ, can be a good model for fish air-breathing research. MDPI 2021-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8584523/ /pubmed/34769365 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111928 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sun, Bing
Huang, Songqian
Huang, Longfei
Yang, Lijuan
Gao, Jian
Cao, Xiaojuan
Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_full Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_fullStr Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_full_unstemmed Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_short Fibronectin 1B Gene Plays an Important Role in Loach Barbel Air-Breathing
title_sort fibronectin 1b gene plays an important role in loach barbel air-breathing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8584523/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769365
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111928
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