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Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic pathology in industrialized countries, affecting about 25% of the general population. NAFLD is a benign condition, however, it could evolve toward more serious diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cir...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585051/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111905 |
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author | Di Mauro, Stefania Scamporrino, Alessandra Filippello, Agnese Di Pino, Antonino Scicali, Roberto Malaguarnera, Roberta Purrello, Francesco Piro, Salvatore |
author_facet | Di Mauro, Stefania Scamporrino, Alessandra Filippello, Agnese Di Pino, Antonino Scicali, Roberto Malaguarnera, Roberta Purrello, Francesco Piro, Salvatore |
author_sort | Di Mauro, Stefania |
collection | PubMed |
description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic pathology in industrialized countries, affecting about 25% of the general population. NAFLD is a benign condition, however, it could evolve toward more serious diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver biopsy is still the gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis. Due to the risks associated with liver biopsy and the impossibility to apply it on a large scale, it is now necessary to identify non-invasive biomarkers, which may reliably identify patients at higher risk of progression. Therefore, several lines of research have tried to address this issue by identifying novel biomarkers using omics approaches, including lipidomics, metabolomics and RNA molecules’ profiling. Thus, in this review, we firstly report the conventional biomarkers used in clinical practice for NAFL and NASH diagnosis as well as fibrosis staging, and secondly, we pay attention to novel biomarkers discovered through omics approaches with a particular focus on RNA biomarkers (microRNAs, long-noncoding RNAs), showing promising diagnostic performance for NAFL/NASH diagnosis and fibrosis staging. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8585051 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85850512021-11-12 Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD Di Mauro, Stefania Scamporrino, Alessandra Filippello, Agnese Di Pino, Antonino Scicali, Roberto Malaguarnera, Roberta Purrello, Francesco Piro, Salvatore Int J Mol Sci Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic pathology in industrialized countries, affecting about 25% of the general population. NAFLD is a benign condition, however, it could evolve toward more serious diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver biopsy is still the gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis. Due to the risks associated with liver biopsy and the impossibility to apply it on a large scale, it is now necessary to identify non-invasive biomarkers, which may reliably identify patients at higher risk of progression. Therefore, several lines of research have tried to address this issue by identifying novel biomarkers using omics approaches, including lipidomics, metabolomics and RNA molecules’ profiling. Thus, in this review, we firstly report the conventional biomarkers used in clinical practice for NAFL and NASH diagnosis as well as fibrosis staging, and secondly, we pay attention to novel biomarkers discovered through omics approaches with a particular focus on RNA biomarkers (microRNAs, long-noncoding RNAs), showing promising diagnostic performance for NAFL/NASH diagnosis and fibrosis staging. MDPI 2021-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8585051/ /pubmed/34769333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111905 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Di Mauro, Stefania Scamporrino, Alessandra Filippello, Agnese Di Pino, Antonino Scicali, Roberto Malaguarnera, Roberta Purrello, Francesco Piro, Salvatore Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title | Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title_full | Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title_fullStr | Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title_short | Clinical and Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Staging of NAFLD |
title_sort | clinical and molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and staging of nafld |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585051/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34769333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111905 |
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