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Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is an acute systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever and multiple organ dysfunction associated with (i) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, (ii) therapeutic antibodies, and (iii) haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation (haplo-allo-...

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Autores principales: Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson, Vo, Anh Khoi, Bruserud, Øystein, Reikvam, Håkon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34768710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215190
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author Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson
Vo, Anh Khoi
Bruserud, Øystein
Reikvam, Håkon
author_facet Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson
Vo, Anh Khoi
Bruserud, Øystein
Reikvam, Håkon
author_sort Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson
collection PubMed
description Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is an acute systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever and multiple organ dysfunction associated with (i) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, (ii) therapeutic antibodies, and (iii) haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation (haplo-allo-HSCT). Severe CRS can be life-threatening in some cases and requires prompt management of those toxicities and is still a great challenge for physicians. The pathophysiology of CRS is still not fully understood, which also applies to the identifications of predictive biomarkers that can forecast these features in advance. However, a broad range of cytokines are involved in the dynamics of CRS. Treatment approaches include both broad spectrum of immunosuppressant, such as corticosteroids, as well as more specific inhibition of cytokine release. In the present manuscript we will try to review an update regarding pathophysiology, etiology, diagnostics, and therapeutic options for this serious complication.
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spelling pubmed-85850702021-11-12 Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson Vo, Anh Khoi Bruserud, Øystein Reikvam, Håkon J Clin Med Review Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is an acute systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever and multiple organ dysfunction associated with (i) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, (ii) therapeutic antibodies, and (iii) haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation (haplo-allo-HSCT). Severe CRS can be life-threatening in some cases and requires prompt management of those toxicities and is still a great challenge for physicians. The pathophysiology of CRS is still not fully understood, which also applies to the identifications of predictive biomarkers that can forecast these features in advance. However, a broad range of cytokines are involved in the dynamics of CRS. Treatment approaches include both broad spectrum of immunosuppressant, such as corticosteroids, as well as more specific inhibition of cytokine release. In the present manuscript we will try to review an update regarding pathophysiology, etiology, diagnostics, and therapeutic options for this serious complication. MDPI 2021-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8585070/ /pubmed/34768710 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215190 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tvedt, Tor Henrik Anderson
Vo, Anh Khoi
Bruserud, Øystein
Reikvam, Håkon
Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title_full Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title_fullStr Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title_full_unstemmed Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title_short Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences
title_sort cytokine release syndrome in the immunotherapy of hematological malignancies: the biology behind and possible clinical consequences
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585070/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34768710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215190
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