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Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study
In Europe there are nearly 500 incinerators. There are over 2000 of them in the world. It is estimated that the combustion of 1 ton (Mg) of waste produces about 250–300 kg of slag. Due to the large amounts of this waste, the construction industry’s demand for raw materials and the reduction of CO(2)...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34772016 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216491 |
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author | Czop, Monika Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, Beata Kajda-Szcześniak, Małgorzata |
author_facet | Czop, Monika Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, Beata Kajda-Szcześniak, Małgorzata |
author_sort | Czop, Monika |
collection | PubMed |
description | In Europe there are nearly 500 incinerators. There are over 2000 of them in the world. It is estimated that the combustion of 1 ton (Mg) of waste produces about 250–300 kg of slag. Due to the large amounts of this waste, the construction industry’s demand for raw materials and the reduction of CO(2) emissions, research was undertaken to use slags as a cement component. The problem was complex because slags generated in the thermal treatment of municipal waste have different chemical compositions and physical properties and contain variable amounts of impurities. The choice of chemical analyses of slag was dictated by the potential influence on the properties of cement mortars. The total moisture of raw slag (4–10%), the bulk density (600–1267 kg/m(3)) and the specific surface after grinding (over 3000 cm(2)/g) were determined. The pH (11.9) and the content of sulphates (3.5% by weight), chlorides (0.3% by weight) and selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb) were measured in the aqueous extract. The obtained results of the washing test were compared with the values resulting from the currently binding legal regulations. In the next step, cement mortars with 30% addition of tested slags were designed and made. The article presents the results of compressive strength tests, which were compared with the results of samples without the addition of slag. The addition of slag to the cement mortar decreased S_MSWI 1 by 64% and S_MSWI 2 by 31%. The high loss of strength and the swelling of the S_MSWI 1 test led to the activation of the NaOH slag. In the endurance test, an increase from 16 to 32 MPa was recorded. Preliminary studies show that the addition of slag in the cement mortar allows obtaining the strength at the level of 30–32 MPa. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8585444 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85854442021-11-12 Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study Czop, Monika Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, Beata Kajda-Szcześniak, Małgorzata Materials (Basel) Article In Europe there are nearly 500 incinerators. There are over 2000 of them in the world. It is estimated that the combustion of 1 ton (Mg) of waste produces about 250–300 kg of slag. Due to the large amounts of this waste, the construction industry’s demand for raw materials and the reduction of CO(2) emissions, research was undertaken to use slags as a cement component. The problem was complex because slags generated in the thermal treatment of municipal waste have different chemical compositions and physical properties and contain variable amounts of impurities. The choice of chemical analyses of slag was dictated by the potential influence on the properties of cement mortars. The total moisture of raw slag (4–10%), the bulk density (600–1267 kg/m(3)) and the specific surface after grinding (over 3000 cm(2)/g) were determined. The pH (11.9) and the content of sulphates (3.5% by weight), chlorides (0.3% by weight) and selected heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb) were measured in the aqueous extract. The obtained results of the washing test were compared with the values resulting from the currently binding legal regulations. In the next step, cement mortars with 30% addition of tested slags were designed and made. The article presents the results of compressive strength tests, which were compared with the results of samples without the addition of slag. The addition of slag to the cement mortar decreased S_MSWI 1 by 64% and S_MSWI 2 by 31%. The high loss of strength and the swelling of the S_MSWI 1 test led to the activation of the NaOH slag. In the endurance test, an increase from 16 to 32 MPa was recorded. Preliminary studies show that the addition of slag in the cement mortar allows obtaining the strength at the level of 30–32 MPa. MDPI 2021-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8585444/ /pubmed/34772016 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216491 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Czop, Monika Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk, Beata Kajda-Szcześniak, Małgorzata Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title | Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title_full | Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title_fullStr | Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title_short | Analysis of the Possibility of Using Slags from the Thermal Treatment of Municipal Waste as Potential Component of Cement—Case Study |
title_sort | analysis of the possibility of using slags from the thermal treatment of municipal waste as potential component of cement—case study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8585444/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34772016 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216491 |
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