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The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment
The uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586083/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953 |
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author | Reekie, Ian R. Sharma, Srilakshmi Foers, Andrew Sherlock, Jonathan Coles, Mark C. Dick, Andrew D. Denniston, Alastair K. Buckley, Christopher D. |
author_facet | Reekie, Ian R. Sharma, Srilakshmi Foers, Andrew Sherlock, Jonathan Coles, Mark C. Dick, Andrew D. Denniston, Alastair K. Buckley, Christopher D. |
author_sort | Reekie, Ian R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct functionally, and inflammatory diseases may affect only one part and not the others. Cellular structure of tissues direct their function, and understanding the cellular basis of the immune environment of a tissue in health, the “steady state” on which the perturbations of disease are superimposed, is vital to understanding the pathogenesis of those diseases. A contemporary understanding of the immune system accepts that haematopoietic and yolk sac derived leukocytes, though vital, are not the only players of importance. An array of stromal cells, connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells, may also have a role in the inflammatory reaction seen in several immune-mediated diseases. In this review we summarise what is known about the cellular composition of the uveal tract and the roles these disparate cell types have to play in immune homeostasis. We also discuss some unanswered questions surrounding the constituents of the resident leukocyte population of the different uveal tissues, and we look ahead to the new understanding that modern investigative techniques such as single cell transcriptomics, multi-omic data integration and highly-multiplexed imaging techniques may bring to the study of the uvea and uveitis, as they already have to other immune mediated inflammatory diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8586083 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85860832021-11-13 The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment Reekie, Ian R. Sharma, Srilakshmi Foers, Andrew Sherlock, Jonathan Coles, Mark C. Dick, Andrew D. Denniston, Alastair K. Buckley, Christopher D. Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine The uveal tract consists of the iris, the ciliary body and the choroid; these three distinct tissues form a continuous layer within the eye. Uveitis refers to inflammation of any region of the uveal tract. Despite being grouped together anatomically, the iris, ciliary body and choroid are distinct functionally, and inflammatory diseases may affect only one part and not the others. Cellular structure of tissues direct their function, and understanding the cellular basis of the immune environment of a tissue in health, the “steady state” on which the perturbations of disease are superimposed, is vital to understanding the pathogenesis of those diseases. A contemporary understanding of the immune system accepts that haematopoietic and yolk sac derived leukocytes, though vital, are not the only players of importance. An array of stromal cells, connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells, may also have a role in the inflammatory reaction seen in several immune-mediated diseases. In this review we summarise what is known about the cellular composition of the uveal tract and the roles these disparate cell types have to play in immune homeostasis. We also discuss some unanswered questions surrounding the constituents of the resident leukocyte population of the different uveal tissues, and we look ahead to the new understanding that modern investigative techniques such as single cell transcriptomics, multi-omic data integration and highly-multiplexed imaging techniques may bring to the study of the uvea and uveitis, as they already have to other immune mediated inflammatory diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8586083/ /pubmed/34778287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953 Text en Copyright © 2021 Reekie, Sharma, Foers, Sherlock, Coles, Dick, Denniston and Buckley. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Reekie, Ian R. Sharma, Srilakshmi Foers, Andrew Sherlock, Jonathan Coles, Mark C. Dick, Andrew D. Denniston, Alastair K. Buckley, Christopher D. The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title_full | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title_fullStr | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title_full_unstemmed | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title_short | The Cellular Composition of the Uveal Immune Environment |
title_sort | cellular composition of the uveal immune environment |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586083/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34778287 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721953 |
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