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Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana

Elevated soil salinity exacerbated by human activities and global climate change poses serious threats to plant survival. Although halophytes provide many important clues concerning salt tolerance in plants, some unanswered questions remain to be addressed, including the processes of water and solut...

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Autores principales: Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat, Khan, Shanjida, Zwiazek, Janusz J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34777443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.760863
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author Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat
Khan, Shanjida
Zwiazek, Janusz J.
author_facet Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat
Khan, Shanjida
Zwiazek, Janusz J.
author_sort Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat
collection PubMed
description Elevated soil salinity exacerbated by human activities and global climate change poses serious threats to plant survival. Although halophytes provide many important clues concerning salt tolerance in plants, some unanswered questions remain to be addressed, including the processes of water and solute transport regulation. We performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing in roots and metabolome characterizations in roots and leaves of Puccinellia nuttalliana halophytic grass subjected to 0 (control) and 150 mM NaCl. In RNAseq, a total of 31 Gb clean bases generated were de novo assembled into 941,894 transcripts. The PIP2;2 and HKT1;5 transcript levels increased in response to the NaCl treatment implying their roles in water and ion homeostasis. Several transcription factors, including WRKY39, DEK3, HY5, and ABF2, were also overexpressed in response to NaCl. The metabolomic analysis revealed that proline and dopamine significantly increased due to the upregulation of the pathway genes under salt stress, likely contributing to salt tolerance mechanisms. Several phosphatidylcholines significantly increased in roots suggesting that the alterations of membrane lipid composition may be an important strategy in P. nuttalliana for maintaining cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity under salt stress. In leaves, the TCA cycle was enriched suggesting enhanced energy metabolism to cope with salt stress. Other features contributing to the ability of P. nuttalliana to survive under high salinity conditions include salt secretion by the salt glands and enhanced cell wall lignification of the root cells. While most of the reported transcriptomic, metabolomics, and structural alterations may have consequences to water balance maintenance by plants under salinity stress, the key processes that need to be further addressed include the role of the changes in the aquaporin gene expression profiles in the earlier reported enhancement of the aquaporin-mediated root water transport.
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spelling pubmed-85867102021-11-13 Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat Khan, Shanjida Zwiazek, Janusz J. Front Plant Sci Plant Science Elevated soil salinity exacerbated by human activities and global climate change poses serious threats to plant survival. Although halophytes provide many important clues concerning salt tolerance in plants, some unanswered questions remain to be addressed, including the processes of water and solute transport regulation. We performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing in roots and metabolome characterizations in roots and leaves of Puccinellia nuttalliana halophytic grass subjected to 0 (control) and 150 mM NaCl. In RNAseq, a total of 31 Gb clean bases generated were de novo assembled into 941,894 transcripts. The PIP2;2 and HKT1;5 transcript levels increased in response to the NaCl treatment implying their roles in water and ion homeostasis. Several transcription factors, including WRKY39, DEK3, HY5, and ABF2, were also overexpressed in response to NaCl. The metabolomic analysis revealed that proline and dopamine significantly increased due to the upregulation of the pathway genes under salt stress, likely contributing to salt tolerance mechanisms. Several phosphatidylcholines significantly increased in roots suggesting that the alterations of membrane lipid composition may be an important strategy in P. nuttalliana for maintaining cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity under salt stress. In leaves, the TCA cycle was enriched suggesting enhanced energy metabolism to cope with salt stress. Other features contributing to the ability of P. nuttalliana to survive under high salinity conditions include salt secretion by the salt glands and enhanced cell wall lignification of the root cells. While most of the reported transcriptomic, metabolomics, and structural alterations may have consequences to water balance maintenance by plants under salinity stress, the key processes that need to be further addressed include the role of the changes in the aquaporin gene expression profiles in the earlier reported enhancement of the aquaporin-mediated root water transport. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8586710/ /pubmed/34777443 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.760863 Text en Copyright © 2021 Vaziriyeganeh, Khan and Zwiazek. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Vaziriyeganeh, Maryamsadat
Khan, Shanjida
Zwiazek, Janusz J.
Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title_full Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title_fullStr Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title_short Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana
title_sort transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal potential salt tolerance mechanisms contributing to maintenance of water balance by the halophytic grass puccinellia nuttalliana
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8586710/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34777443
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.760863
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