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The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells
The red macroalga Gelidium latifolium is widely distributed in the coastal areas of Indonesia. However, current knowledge on its potential biological activities is still limited. In this study, we investigated the potential bioactive compounds in Gelidium latifolium ethanol extract (GLE), and its cy...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587204/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216568 |
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author | Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi Ardiana, Nur Padmi, Hasriaton Ilhami, Bq Tri Khairina Martyasari, Ni Wayan Riyani Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani Nikmatullah, Aluh Widyastuti, Sri Sunarpi, Haji Frediansyah, Andri |
author_facet | Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi Ardiana, Nur Padmi, Hasriaton Ilhami, Bq Tri Khairina Martyasari, Ni Wayan Riyani Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani Nikmatullah, Aluh Widyastuti, Sri Sunarpi, Haji Frediansyah, Andri |
author_sort | Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi |
collection | PubMed |
description | The red macroalga Gelidium latifolium is widely distributed in the coastal areas of Indonesia. However, current knowledge on its potential biological activities is still limited. In this study, we investigated the potential bioactive compounds in Gelidium latifolium ethanol extract (GLE), and its cytotoxic effects against the murine B16-F10 melanoma cell line. GLE shows high total phenolic content (107.06 ± 17.42 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (151.77 ± 3.45 mg QE/g), which potentially contribute to its potential antioxidant activity (DPPH = 650.42 ± 2.01 µg/mL; ABTS = 557.01 ± 1.94 µg/mL). ESI-HR-TOF-MS analysis revealed large absorption in the [M-H](-) of 327.2339 m/z, corresponding to the monoisotopic molecular mass of brassicolene. The presence of this compound potentially contributes to GLE’s cytotoxic activity (IC(50) = 84.29 ± 1.93 µg/mL). Furthermore, GLE significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells (66.83 ± 3.06%) compared to controls (18.83 ± 3.76%). Apoptosis was also confirmed by changes in the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (i.e., p53, Bax, Bak, and Bcl2). Downregulated expression of Bcl2 indicates an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Current results suggest that components of Gelidium latifolium should be further investigated as possible sources of novel antitumor drugs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8587204 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85872042021-11-13 The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi Ardiana, Nur Padmi, Hasriaton Ilhami, Bq Tri Khairina Martyasari, Ni Wayan Riyani Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani Nikmatullah, Aluh Widyastuti, Sri Sunarpi, Haji Frediansyah, Andri Molecules Article The red macroalga Gelidium latifolium is widely distributed in the coastal areas of Indonesia. However, current knowledge on its potential biological activities is still limited. In this study, we investigated the potential bioactive compounds in Gelidium latifolium ethanol extract (GLE), and its cytotoxic effects against the murine B16-F10 melanoma cell line. GLE shows high total phenolic content (107.06 ± 17.42 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (151.77 ± 3.45 mg QE/g), which potentially contribute to its potential antioxidant activity (DPPH = 650.42 ± 2.01 µg/mL; ABTS = 557.01 ± 1.94 µg/mL). ESI-HR-TOF-MS analysis revealed large absorption in the [M-H](-) of 327.2339 m/z, corresponding to the monoisotopic molecular mass of brassicolene. The presence of this compound potentially contributes to GLE’s cytotoxic activity (IC(50) = 84.29 ± 1.93 µg/mL). Furthermore, GLE significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells (66.83 ± 3.06%) compared to controls (18.83 ± 3.76%). Apoptosis was also confirmed by changes in the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (i.e., p53, Bax, Bak, and Bcl2). Downregulated expression of Bcl2 indicates an intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Current results suggest that components of Gelidium latifolium should be further investigated as possible sources of novel antitumor drugs. MDPI 2021-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8587204/ /pubmed/34770978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216568 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi Ardiana, Nur Padmi, Hasriaton Ilhami, Bq Tri Khairina Martyasari, Ni Wayan Riyani Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani Nikmatullah, Aluh Widyastuti, Sri Sunarpi, Haji Frediansyah, Andri The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title | The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title_full | The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title_fullStr | The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title_short | The Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of the Red Macroalgae Gelidium latifolium Extract against Melanoma Cells |
title_sort | antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of the red macroalgae gelidium latifolium extract against melanoma cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587204/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216568 |
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