Cargando…

Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials

Friction between Swedish paper yarn and needles is a limiting factor that—together with the low yarn flexibility—is hindering the knitting and use of paper yarn as a sustainable textile material. To enhance the knittability, paper yarn was coated with textile finishing materials. The effect of six d...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Syrén, Felicia, Andersson Drugge, Gabriella, Peterson, Joel, Kadi, Nawar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34771184
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213628
_version_ 1784598108278095872
author Syrén, Felicia
Andersson Drugge, Gabriella
Peterson, Joel
Kadi, Nawar
author_facet Syrén, Felicia
Andersson Drugge, Gabriella
Peterson, Joel
Kadi, Nawar
author_sort Syrén, Felicia
collection PubMed
description Friction between Swedish paper yarn and needles is a limiting factor that—together with the low yarn flexibility—is hindering the knitting and use of paper yarn as a sustainable textile material. To enhance the knittability, paper yarn was coated with textile finishing materials. The effect of six different textile finishing materials used for textiles processing (three different silicone-based, wax, glycerol, and soap) was evaluated. The treatment evaluation was done by determination of the friction coefficient, tensile testing, and knitting. The friction coefficient was determined by an adaption from the ASTM D3108-07 Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material. The adaption meant using a specially designed rig, making it possible to simulate the yarn/needle friction during the knitting process and use a tensile testing machine to determine the friction coefficient. Through using the same angle for yarn movement during the knitting process in this adaptation, the effect of the flexibility of paper on the friction coefficient is integrated. Tensile testing was performed using a Tensolab 2512A/2512C electromechanical tensile tester, and knitting tests were performed using a Stoll CMS 822 HP knit and wear flat knitting machine with the E5.2 gauge. The results show that knittability is better for the yarns with lower coefficients of friction and can also be enhanced by spraying with regular water. The tensile properties of the yarn is degraded by the treatments. The wax- and soap-treated yarns were most challenging to knit. The silicone-based and glycerol-treated yarns showed enhanced knittability, where the glycerol treatment results in more protruding fibers compared to the other treatments. All treatments reduced the roughness in the feel of the knit. The results indicate that the Swedish paper yarn can be a future sustainable complement to polyester and cotton.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8587305
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-85873052021-11-13 Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials Syrén, Felicia Andersson Drugge, Gabriella Peterson, Joel Kadi, Nawar Polymers (Basel) Article Friction between Swedish paper yarn and needles is a limiting factor that—together with the low yarn flexibility—is hindering the knitting and use of paper yarn as a sustainable textile material. To enhance the knittability, paper yarn was coated with textile finishing materials. The effect of six different textile finishing materials used for textiles processing (three different silicone-based, wax, glycerol, and soap) was evaluated. The treatment evaluation was done by determination of the friction coefficient, tensile testing, and knitting. The friction coefficient was determined by an adaption from the ASTM D3108-07 Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn to Solid Material. The adaption meant using a specially designed rig, making it possible to simulate the yarn/needle friction during the knitting process and use a tensile testing machine to determine the friction coefficient. Through using the same angle for yarn movement during the knitting process in this adaptation, the effect of the flexibility of paper on the friction coefficient is integrated. Tensile testing was performed using a Tensolab 2512A/2512C electromechanical tensile tester, and knitting tests were performed using a Stoll CMS 822 HP knit and wear flat knitting machine with the E5.2 gauge. The results show that knittability is better for the yarns with lower coefficients of friction and can also be enhanced by spraying with regular water. The tensile properties of the yarn is degraded by the treatments. The wax- and soap-treated yarns were most challenging to knit. The silicone-based and glycerol-treated yarns showed enhanced knittability, where the glycerol treatment results in more protruding fibers compared to the other treatments. All treatments reduced the roughness in the feel of the knit. The results indicate that the Swedish paper yarn can be a future sustainable complement to polyester and cotton. MDPI 2021-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8587305/ /pubmed/34771184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213628 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Syrén, Felicia
Andersson Drugge, Gabriella
Peterson, Joel
Kadi, Nawar
Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title_full Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title_fullStr Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title_short Enhanced Knittability of Paper Yarn from the Swedish Forest by Using Textile Finishing Materials
title_sort enhanced knittability of paper yarn from the swedish forest by using textile finishing materials
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34771184
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213628
work_keys_str_mv AT syrenfelicia enhancedknittabilityofpaperyarnfromtheswedishforestbyusingtextilefinishingmaterials
AT anderssondruggegabriella enhancedknittabilityofpaperyarnfromtheswedishforestbyusingtextilefinishingmaterials
AT petersonjoel enhancedknittabilityofpaperyarnfromtheswedishforestbyusingtextilefinishingmaterials
AT kadinawar enhancedknittabilityofpaperyarnfromtheswedishforestbyusingtextilefinishingmaterials