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Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties

The chemical composition of extractives in the sapwood (SW), heartwood (HW), knotwood (KW), and branchwood (BW of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was analyzed, and their antifungal and antioxidant properties were studied. In addition, the variability of extractives content in a centripetal direction,...

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Autores principales: Vek, Viljem, Keržič, Eli, Poljanšek, Ida, Eklund, Patrik, Humar, Miha, Oven, Primož
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770820
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216412
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author Vek, Viljem
Keržič, Eli
Poljanšek, Ida
Eklund, Patrik
Humar, Miha
Oven, Primož
author_facet Vek, Viljem
Keržič, Eli
Poljanšek, Ida
Eklund, Patrik
Humar, Miha
Oven, Primož
author_sort Vek, Viljem
collection PubMed
description The chemical composition of extractives in the sapwood (SW), heartwood (HW), knotwood (KW), and branchwood (BW of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was analyzed, and their antifungal and antioxidant properties were studied. In addition, the variability of extractives content in a centripetal direction, i.e., from the periphery of the stem towards the pith, was investigated. The extracts were analyzed chemically with gravimetry, spectrophotometry, and chromatography. The antifungal and antioxidative properties of the extracts were evaluated by the agar well diffusion method and the diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Average amounts of hydrophilic extractives were higher in KW (up to 210.4 mg/g) and BW (148.6 mg/g) than in HW (34.1 mg/g) and SW (14.8 mg/g). Extractives identified included lignans (isolariciresinol, lariciresinol, secoisolariciresinol, pinoresinol, matairesinol) phenolic acids (homovanillic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid), and flavonoids epicatechin, taxifolin, quercetin). Secoisolariciresinol was confirmed to be the predominant compound in the KW (29.8 mg/g) and BW (37.6 mg/g) extracts. The largest amount of phenolic compounds was extracted from parts of knots (281.7 mg/g) embedded in the sapwood and from parts of branches (258.9 mg/g) adjacent to the stem. HW contained more lignans in its older sections. Hydrophilic extracts from knots and branches inhibited the growth of wood-decaying fungi and molds. KW and BW extracts were better free radical scavengers than HW extracts. The results of the biological activity tests suggest that the protective function of phenolic extracts in silver fir wood can also be explained by their antioxidative properties. The results of this study describe BW as a potential source of phenolic extractives in silver fir.
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spelling pubmed-85874782021-11-13 Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties Vek, Viljem Keržič, Eli Poljanšek, Ida Eklund, Patrik Humar, Miha Oven, Primož Molecules Article The chemical composition of extractives in the sapwood (SW), heartwood (HW), knotwood (KW), and branchwood (BW of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was analyzed, and their antifungal and antioxidant properties were studied. In addition, the variability of extractives content in a centripetal direction, i.e., from the periphery of the stem towards the pith, was investigated. The extracts were analyzed chemically with gravimetry, spectrophotometry, and chromatography. The antifungal and antioxidative properties of the extracts were evaluated by the agar well diffusion method and the diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method. Average amounts of hydrophilic extractives were higher in KW (up to 210.4 mg/g) and BW (148.6 mg/g) than in HW (34.1 mg/g) and SW (14.8 mg/g). Extractives identified included lignans (isolariciresinol, lariciresinol, secoisolariciresinol, pinoresinol, matairesinol) phenolic acids (homovanillic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid), and flavonoids epicatechin, taxifolin, quercetin). Secoisolariciresinol was confirmed to be the predominant compound in the KW (29.8 mg/g) and BW (37.6 mg/g) extracts. The largest amount of phenolic compounds was extracted from parts of knots (281.7 mg/g) embedded in the sapwood and from parts of branches (258.9 mg/g) adjacent to the stem. HW contained more lignans in its older sections. Hydrophilic extracts from knots and branches inhibited the growth of wood-decaying fungi and molds. KW and BW extracts were better free radical scavengers than HW extracts. The results of the biological activity tests suggest that the protective function of phenolic extracts in silver fir wood can also be explained by their antioxidative properties. The results of this study describe BW as a potential source of phenolic extractives in silver fir. MDPI 2021-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8587478/ /pubmed/34770820 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216412 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Vek, Viljem
Keržič, Eli
Poljanšek, Ida
Eklund, Patrik
Humar, Miha
Oven, Primož
Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title_full Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title_fullStr Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title_full_unstemmed Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title_short Wood Extractives of Silver Fir and Their Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
title_sort wood extractives of silver fir and their antioxidant and antifungal properties
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587478/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770820
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216412
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