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Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations
Recently, the design and development of nanozyme-based logic gates have received much attention. In this work, by engineering the stability of the nanozyme-catalyzed product, we demonstrated that the chromogenic system of 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can act as a visual output signal for...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770904 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216494 |
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author | Fu, Lianlian Yu, Deshuai Zou, Dijuan Qian, Hao Lin, Youhui |
author_facet | Fu, Lianlian Yu, Deshuai Zou, Dijuan Qian, Hao Lin, Youhui |
author_sort | Fu, Lianlian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recently, the design and development of nanozyme-based logic gates have received much attention. In this work, by engineering the stability of the nanozyme-catalyzed product, we demonstrated that the chromogenic system of 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can act as a visual output signal for constructing various Boolean logic operations. Specifically, cerium oxide or ferroferric oxide-based nanozymes can catalyze the oxidation of colorless TMB to a blue color product (oxTMB). The blue-colored solution of oxTMB could become colorless by some reductants, including the reduced transition state of glucose oxidase and xanthine oxidase. As a result, by combining biocatalytic reactions, the color change of oxTMB could be controlled logically. In our logic systems, glucose oxidase, β-galactosidase, and xanthine oxidase acted as inputs, and the state of oxTMB solution was used as an output. The logic operation produced a colored solution as the readout signal, which was easily distinguished with the naked eye. More importantly, the study of such a decolorization process allows the transformation of previously designed AND and OR logic gates into NAND and NOR gates. We propose that this work may push forward the design of novel nanozyme-based biological gates and help us further understand complex physiological pathways in living systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8587802 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85878022021-11-13 Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations Fu, Lianlian Yu, Deshuai Zou, Dijuan Qian, Hao Lin, Youhui Molecules Article Recently, the design and development of nanozyme-based logic gates have received much attention. In this work, by engineering the stability of the nanozyme-catalyzed product, we demonstrated that the chromogenic system of 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can act as a visual output signal for constructing various Boolean logic operations. Specifically, cerium oxide or ferroferric oxide-based nanozymes can catalyze the oxidation of colorless TMB to a blue color product (oxTMB). The blue-colored solution of oxTMB could become colorless by some reductants, including the reduced transition state of glucose oxidase and xanthine oxidase. As a result, by combining biocatalytic reactions, the color change of oxTMB could be controlled logically. In our logic systems, glucose oxidase, β-galactosidase, and xanthine oxidase acted as inputs, and the state of oxTMB solution was used as an output. The logic operation produced a colored solution as the readout signal, which was easily distinguished with the naked eye. More importantly, the study of such a decolorization process allows the transformation of previously designed AND and OR logic gates into NAND and NOR gates. We propose that this work may push forward the design of novel nanozyme-based biological gates and help us further understand complex physiological pathways in living systems. MDPI 2021-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8587802/ /pubmed/34770904 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216494 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Fu, Lianlian Yu, Deshuai Zou, Dijuan Qian, Hao Lin, Youhui Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title | Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title_full | Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title_fullStr | Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title_full_unstemmed | Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title_short | Engineering the Stability of Nanozyme-Catalyzed Product for Colorimetric Logic Gate Operations |
title_sort | engineering the stability of nanozyme-catalyzed product for colorimetric logic gate operations |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8587802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34770904 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216494 |
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