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3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds

Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formu...

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Autores principales: Melo, Priscila, Montalbano, Giorgia, Fiorilli, Sonia, Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8588345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34772251
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216720
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author Melo, Priscila
Montalbano, Giorgia
Fiorilli, Sonia
Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
author_facet Melo, Priscila
Montalbano, Giorgia
Fiorilli, Sonia
Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
author_sort Melo, Priscila
collection PubMed
description Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formulations, containing functional nanoparticles (enriched with therapeutic ions or biomolecules) or nanohydroxyapatite, are considered highly promising, and can be printed using support baths. These baths ensure an accurate deposition of the material, nonetheless their full removal post-printing can be difficult, in addition to undesired reactions with the crosslinking agents often used to improve the final structural integrity of the scaffolds. Such issues lead to partial collapse of the printed constructs and loss of geometrical definition. To overcome these limitations, this work presents a new alternative approach, which consists of adding a suitable concentration of crosslinking agent to the printing formulations to promote the in-situ crosslinking of the constructs prior to the removal of the support bath. To this aim, genipin, chosen as crosslinking agent, was added (0.1 wt.%) to collagen-based biomaterial inks (containing either 38 wt.% mesoporous bioactive glasses or 65 wt.% nanohydroxyapatite), to trigger the crosslinking of collagen and improve the stability of the 3D printed scaffolds in the post-processing step. Moreover, to support the material deposition, a 15 wt.% alginic acid solution was used as a bath, which proved to sustain the printed structures and was also easily removable, allowing for the stable processing of high-resolution geometries.
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spelling pubmed-85883452021-11-13 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds Melo, Priscila Montalbano, Giorgia Fiorilli, Sonia Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara Materials (Basel) Article Bone-tissue regeneration is a growing field, where nanostructured-bioactive materials are designed to replicate the natural properties of the target tissue, and then are processed with technologies such as 3D printing, into constructs that mimic its natural architecture. Type I bovine collagen formulations, containing functional nanoparticles (enriched with therapeutic ions or biomolecules) or nanohydroxyapatite, are considered highly promising, and can be printed using support baths. These baths ensure an accurate deposition of the material, nonetheless their full removal post-printing can be difficult, in addition to undesired reactions with the crosslinking agents often used to improve the final structural integrity of the scaffolds. Such issues lead to partial collapse of the printed constructs and loss of geometrical definition. To overcome these limitations, this work presents a new alternative approach, which consists of adding a suitable concentration of crosslinking agent to the printing formulations to promote the in-situ crosslinking of the constructs prior to the removal of the support bath. To this aim, genipin, chosen as crosslinking agent, was added (0.1 wt.%) to collagen-based biomaterial inks (containing either 38 wt.% mesoporous bioactive glasses or 65 wt.% nanohydroxyapatite), to trigger the crosslinking of collagen and improve the stability of the 3D printed scaffolds in the post-processing step. Moreover, to support the material deposition, a 15 wt.% alginic acid solution was used as a bath, which proved to sustain the printed structures and was also easily removable, allowing for the stable processing of high-resolution geometries. MDPI 2021-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8588345/ /pubmed/34772251 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216720 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Melo, Priscila
Montalbano, Giorgia
Fiorilli, Sonia
Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_full 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_fullStr 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_full_unstemmed 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_short 3D Printing in Alginic Acid Bath of In-Situ Crosslinked Collagen Composite Scaffolds
title_sort 3d printing in alginic acid bath of in-situ crosslinked collagen composite scaffolds
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8588345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34772251
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216720
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