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An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms
The breadth of animal hosts that are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may serve as reservoirs for continued viral transmission are not known entirely. In August 2020, an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on five mink farms in Utah and was associated with...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34767598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009952 |
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author | Eckstrand, Chrissy D. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rood, Kerry A. Clayton, Michael J. Lott, Jason K. Wolking, Rebecca M. Bradway, Daniel S. Baszler, Timothy |
author_facet | Eckstrand, Chrissy D. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rood, Kerry A. Clayton, Michael J. Lott, Jason K. Wolking, Rebecca M. Bradway, Daniel S. Baszler, Timothy |
author_sort | Eckstrand, Chrissy D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The breadth of animal hosts that are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may serve as reservoirs for continued viral transmission are not known entirely. In August 2020, an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on five mink farms in Utah and was associated with high mink mortality (35–55% of adult mink) and rapid viral transmission between animals. The premise and clinical disease information, pathology, molecular characterization, and tissue distribution of virus within infected mink during the early phase of the outbreak are provided. Infection spread rapidly between independently housed animals and farms, and caused severe respiratory disease and death. Disease indicators were most notably sudden death, anorexia, and increased respiratory effort. Gross pathology examination revealed severe pulmonary congestion and edema. Microscopically there was pulmonary edema with moderate vasculitis, perivasculitis, and fibrinous interstitial pneumonia. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of tissues collected at necropsy demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in multiple organs including nasal turbinates, lung, tracheobronchial lymph node, epithelial surfaces, and others. Localization of viral RNA by in situ hybridization revealed a more localized infection, particularly of the upper respiratory tract. Whole genome sequencing from multiple mink was consistent with published SARS-CoV-2 genomes with few polymorphisms. The Utah mink SARS-CoV-2 strains fell into Clade GH, which is unique among mink and other animal strains sequenced to date. While sharing the N501T mutation which is common in mink, the Utah strains did not share other spike RBD mutations Y453F and F486L found in nearly all mink from the United States. Mink in the outbreak reported herein had high levels of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract associated with symptomatic respiratory disease and death. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8589170 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-85891702021-11-13 An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms Eckstrand, Chrissy D. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rood, Kerry A. Clayton, Michael J. Lott, Jason K. Wolking, Rebecca M. Bradway, Daniel S. Baszler, Timothy PLoS Pathog Research Article The breadth of animal hosts that are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may serve as reservoirs for continued viral transmission are not known entirely. In August 2020, an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 occurred on five mink farms in Utah and was associated with high mink mortality (35–55% of adult mink) and rapid viral transmission between animals. The premise and clinical disease information, pathology, molecular characterization, and tissue distribution of virus within infected mink during the early phase of the outbreak are provided. Infection spread rapidly between independently housed animals and farms, and caused severe respiratory disease and death. Disease indicators were most notably sudden death, anorexia, and increased respiratory effort. Gross pathology examination revealed severe pulmonary congestion and edema. Microscopically there was pulmonary edema with moderate vasculitis, perivasculitis, and fibrinous interstitial pneumonia. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of tissues collected at necropsy demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in multiple organs including nasal turbinates, lung, tracheobronchial lymph node, epithelial surfaces, and others. Localization of viral RNA by in situ hybridization revealed a more localized infection, particularly of the upper respiratory tract. Whole genome sequencing from multiple mink was consistent with published SARS-CoV-2 genomes with few polymorphisms. The Utah mink SARS-CoV-2 strains fell into Clade GH, which is unique among mink and other animal strains sequenced to date. While sharing the N501T mutation which is common in mink, the Utah strains did not share other spike RBD mutations Y453F and F486L found in nearly all mink from the United States. Mink in the outbreak reported herein had high levels of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper respiratory tract associated with symptomatic respiratory disease and death. Public Library of Science 2021-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8589170/ /pubmed/34767598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009952 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Eckstrand, Chrissy D. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rood, Kerry A. Clayton, Michael J. Lott, Jason K. Wolking, Rebecca M. Bradway, Daniel S. Baszler, Timothy An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title | An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title_full | An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title_fullStr | An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title_full_unstemmed | An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title_short | An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms |
title_sort | outbreak of sars-cov-2 with high mortality in mink (neovison vison) on multiple utah farms |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589170/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34767598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009952 |
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