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Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease

Type 2 immune responses commonly emerge during allergic reactions or infections with helminth parasites. Most of the cytokines associated with type 2 immune responses are IL-4, IL-5, and IL13, which are mainly produced by T helper 2 cells (T(H)2), eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and group 2 inna...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Luo, Xinxin, Villablanca, Eduardo J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589436/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34581755
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20210535
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author Luo, Xinxin
Villablanca, Eduardo J.
author_facet Luo, Xinxin
Villablanca, Eduardo J.
author_sort Luo, Xinxin
collection PubMed
description Type 2 immune responses commonly emerge during allergic reactions or infections with helminth parasites. Most of the cytokines associated with type 2 immune responses are IL-4, IL-5, and IL13, which are mainly produced by T helper 2 cells (T(H)2), eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Over the course of evolution, humans have developed type 2 immune responses to fight infections and to protect tissues from the potential collateral damage caused by inflammation. For example, worm parasites induce potent type 2 immune responses, which are needed to simultaneously clear the pathogen and to promote tissue repair following injury. Due to the strong type 2 immune responses induced by helminths, which can promote tissue repair in the damaged epithelium, their use has been suggested as a possible treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the role of type 2 immune responses in the initiation and progression of IBD is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate type 2 immune responses during intestinal homeostasis, and we briefly discuss the scarce evidence linking type 2 immune responses with the aetiology of IBD.
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spelling pubmed-85894362021-11-18 Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease Luo, Xinxin Villablanca, Eduardo J. Biochem Soc Trans Review Articles Type 2 immune responses commonly emerge during allergic reactions or infections with helminth parasites. Most of the cytokines associated with type 2 immune responses are IL-4, IL-5, and IL13, which are mainly produced by T helper 2 cells (T(H)2), eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Over the course of evolution, humans have developed type 2 immune responses to fight infections and to protect tissues from the potential collateral damage caused by inflammation. For example, worm parasites induce potent type 2 immune responses, which are needed to simultaneously clear the pathogen and to promote tissue repair following injury. Due to the strong type 2 immune responses induced by helminths, which can promote tissue repair in the damaged epithelium, their use has been suggested as a possible treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the role of type 2 immune responses in the initiation and progression of IBD is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate type 2 immune responses during intestinal homeostasis, and we briefly discuss the scarce evidence linking type 2 immune responses with the aetiology of IBD. Portland Press Ltd. 2021-11-01 2021-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8589436/ /pubmed/34581755 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20210535 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Open access for this article was enabled by the participation of Karolinska Institute in an all-inclusive Read & Publish pilot with Portland Press and the Biochemical Society.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Luo, Xinxin
Villablanca, Eduardo J.
Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title_full Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title_fullStr Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title_full_unstemmed Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title_short Type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
title_sort type 2 immunity in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8589436/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34581755
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20210535
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